Effector-dependent activation and oligomerization of plant NRC class helper NLRs by sensor NLR immune receptors Rpi-amr3 and Rpi-amr1
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Plant pathogens compromise crop yields. Plants have evolved robust innate immunity that depends in part on intracellular Nucleotide-binding, Leucine rich-Repeat (NLR) immune receptors that activate defense responses upon detection of pathogen-derived effectors. Most "sensor" NLRs that detect effectors require the activity of "helper" NLRs, but how helper NLRs support sensor NLR function is poorly understood. Many Solanaceae NLRs require NRC (NLR-Required for Cell death) class of helper NLRs. We show here that Rpi-amr3, a sensor NLR from Solanum americanum, detects AVRamr3 from the potato late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, and activates oligomerization of helper NLRs NRC2 and NRC4 into high-molecular-weight resistosomes. In contrast, recognition of P. infestans effector AVRamr1 by another sensor NLR Rpi-amr1 induces formation of only the NRC2 resistosome. The activated NRC2 oligomer becomes enriched in membrane fractions. ATP-binding motifs of both Rpi-amr3 and NRC2 are required for NRC2 resistosome formation, but not for the interaction of Rpi-amr3 with its cognate effector. NRC2 resistosome can be activated by Rpi-amr3 upon detection of AVRamr3 homologs from other Phytophthora species. Mechanistic understanding of NRC resistosome formation will underpin engineering crops with durable disease resistance.
Date Issued
2023-03-01
Date Acceptance
2022-12-02
Citation
The EMBO Journal, 2023, 42 (5)
ISSN
0261-4189
Publisher
EMBO Press
Journal / Book Title
The EMBO Journal
Volume
42
Issue
5
Copyright Statement
© 2023 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license. his is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
License URL
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36592032
Subjects
Disease Resistance
NLR Proteins
Plant Diseases
Plant Immunity
Plant Proteins
Plants
Protein Domains
blue native-PAGE
NLR activation
NRC
plant immunity
Rpi-amr
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
England
Article Number
ARTN e111484
Date Publish Online
2023-01-02