High-speed imaging of the ultrasonic deagglomeration of carbon nanotubes in water
File(s)Xu2022_Article_High-SpeedImagingOfTheUltrason.pdf (7.99 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Ultrasonic treatment is effective in deagglomerating and dispersing nanoparticles in various liquids. However, the exact deagglomeration mechanisms vary for different nanoparticle clusters, owing to different particle geometries and inter-particle adhesion forces. Here, the deagglomeration mechanisms and the influence of sonotrode amplitude during ultrasonication of multiwall carbon nanotubes in de-ionized water were studied by a combination of high-speed imaging and numerical modeling. Particle image velocimetry was applied to images with a higher field of view to calculate the average streaming speeds distribution. These data allowed direct comparison with modeling results. For images captured at higher frame rates and magnification, different patterns of deagglomeration were identified and categorized based on different stages of cavitation zone development and for regions inside or outside the cavitation zone. The results obtained and discussed in this paper can also be relevant to a wide range of carbonaceous and other high aspect ratio nanomaterials.
Date Issued
2022-04-21
Date Acceptance
2022-03-17
ISSN
1047-4838
Publisher
SPRINGER
Journal / Book Title
JOM
Volume
74
Copyright Statement
©2022 The Author(s) This article is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and
Fig. 10. Particles loosening during bubble oscillation and subsequently sheared by the streaming flow in the bottom ROI (40% amplitude) (See
supplementary video 10). The elapsed time after the sonotrode was switched on is given at the bottom of each picture.
Fig. 11. A summary of the breaking mechanism inside the CZ (a) and outside the CZ (b) in the stabilized CZ stage. Within the sketch, event a
corresponds to Fig. 8(a–b) (no change observed), b corresponds to Fig. 8(c) (peeling-off event); c corresponds to Fig. 8(d) (particle rupture); d
corresponds to Fig. 9(a), e corresponds to Fig. 9(b), and f corresponds to Figs. 9(c) and 10: d–f all representing the ‘‘comet’’ feature with the
particles moving from left to right.
2482 Xu, Tonry, Beckwith, Kao, Wong, Shaffer, Pericleous, and Li
reproduction in any medium or format, as long as
you give appropriate credit to the original author(s)
and the source, provide a link to the Creative
Commons licence, and indicate if changes were
made. The images or other third party material in
this article are included in the article’s Creative
Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a
credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence
and your intended use is not permitted by statutory
regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will
need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit h
ttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and
Fig. 10. Particles loosening during bubble oscillation and subsequently sheared by the streaming flow in the bottom ROI (40% amplitude) (See
supplementary video 10). The elapsed time after the sonotrode was switched on is given at the bottom of each picture.
Fig. 11. A summary of the breaking mechanism inside the CZ (a) and outside the CZ (b) in the stabilized CZ stage. Within the sketch, event a
corresponds to Fig. 8(a–b) (no change observed), b corresponds to Fig. 8(c) (peeling-off event); c corresponds to Fig. 8(d) (particle rupture); d
corresponds to Fig. 9(a), e corresponds to Fig. 9(b), and f corresponds to Figs. 9(c) and 10: d–f all representing the ‘‘comet’’ feature with the
particles moving from left to right.
2482 Xu, Tonry, Beckwith, Kao, Wong, Shaffer, Pericleous, and Li
reproduction in any medium or format, as long as
you give appropriate credit to the original author(s)
and the source, provide a link to the Creative
Commons licence, and indicate if changes were
made. The images or other third party material in
this article are included in the article’s Creative
Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a
credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence
and your intended use is not permitted by statutory
regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will
need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit h
ttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Identifier
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11837-022-05274-4
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Subjects
Science & Technology
Technology
Physical Sciences
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Mineralogy
Mining & Mineral Processing
Materials Science
DISPERSION
SOLIDIFICATION
MECHANISMS
SONICATION
FLOW
Science & Technology
Technology
Physical Sciences
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Mineralogy
Mining & Mineral Processing
Materials Science
DISPERSION
SOLIDIFICATION
MECHANISMS
SONICATION
FLOW
Materials
0912 Materials Engineering
0913 Mechanical Engineering
0914 Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy
Publication Status
Published