Sleep duration, chronotype, health and lifestyle factors affect cognition: a UK Biobank cross-sectional study
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Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Objective:
To explore the nuanced relationship between sleep patterns, chronotype, quality, and the influence of health and lifestyle factors on cognitive performance
Design, Setting, Participants:
This cross-sectional analysis used ordinary least squares regression within the UK Biobank database, assessing 26,820 participants aged 53–86, categorized into two cohorts: Cohort 1 (10,067 participants, 56% female; completed all four cognitive tests of fluid Intelligence/reasoning, pairs matching, reaction time and prospective Memory) and Cohort 2 (16,753 participants, 56% female; completed only two cognitive assessments of pairs matching and reaction time).
Exposures:
Participant’s self-reported sleep duration, chronotype, and quality. Cognitive function was assessed through standardized computerized tests. The analysis was adjusted for demographic and comorbidity covariates.
Main Outcomes and Measures:
Cognitive performance scores were evaluated against sleep parameters and health and lifestyle factors, including sex, age, vascular and cardiac conditions, diabetes, alcohol intake, smoking habits, and BMI.
Results:
The regression highlighted a positive association between normal sleep duration (7-9 hours) and cognitive scores in Cohort 1 (β = 0.0567, 95% CI: 0.0284-0.0851), while extended sleep duration negatively impacted scores across both cohorts (Cohort 1 β = -0.188, 95% CI: -0.2938 to -0.0822, Cohort 2 β = -0.2619 95% CI: -0.3755 to -0.1482). Chronotype distinctions, particularly intermediate and evening types, were linked to superior cognitive function. Gender, age, angina, high blood pressure, diabetes, alcohol intake, and smoking emerged as significant cognitive influencers.
Conclusions and Relevance:
The study delineates a multifaceted and nuanced relationship between sleep variables, health, and lifestyle factors in determining cognitive outcomes. These findings highlight the vital role of sleep quality on cognitive health.
To explore the nuanced relationship between sleep patterns, chronotype, quality, and the influence of health and lifestyle factors on cognitive performance
Design, Setting, Participants:
This cross-sectional analysis used ordinary least squares regression within the UK Biobank database, assessing 26,820 participants aged 53–86, categorized into two cohorts: Cohort 1 (10,067 participants, 56% female; completed all four cognitive tests of fluid Intelligence/reasoning, pairs matching, reaction time and prospective Memory) and Cohort 2 (16,753 participants, 56% female; completed only two cognitive assessments of pairs matching and reaction time).
Exposures:
Participant’s self-reported sleep duration, chronotype, and quality. Cognitive function was assessed through standardized computerized tests. The analysis was adjusted for demographic and comorbidity covariates.
Main Outcomes and Measures:
Cognitive performance scores were evaluated against sleep parameters and health and lifestyle factors, including sex, age, vascular and cardiac conditions, diabetes, alcohol intake, smoking habits, and BMI.
Results:
The regression highlighted a positive association between normal sleep duration (7-9 hours) and cognitive scores in Cohort 1 (β = 0.0567, 95% CI: 0.0284-0.0851), while extended sleep duration negatively impacted scores across both cohorts (Cohort 1 β = -0.188, 95% CI: -0.2938 to -0.0822, Cohort 2 β = -0.2619 95% CI: -0.3755 to -0.1482). Chronotype distinctions, particularly intermediate and evening types, were linked to superior cognitive function. Gender, age, angina, high blood pressure, diabetes, alcohol intake, and smoking emerged as significant cognitive influencers.
Conclusions and Relevance:
The study delineates a multifaceted and nuanced relationship between sleep variables, health, and lifestyle factors in determining cognitive outcomes. These findings highlight the vital role of sleep quality on cognitive health.
Date Issued
2024-07-10
Date Acceptance
2024-04-24
Citation
BMJ Public Health, 2024, 2 (1)
ISSN
2753-4294
Publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
Journal / Book Title
BMJ Public Health
Volume
2
Issue
1
Copyright Statement
© Author(s) (or their
employer(s)) 2024. Re-use
permitted under CC BY-NC.
Published by BMJ.
employer(s)) 2024. Re-use
permitted under CC BY-NC.
Published by BMJ.
License URL
Identifier
https://bmjpublichealth.bmj.com/content/2/1/e001000
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
e001000
Date Publish Online
2024-07-10