Detection of myocardial deformation patterns and prognostic value of routine echocardiographic parameters in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis versus extracardiac sarcoidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by non-caseating granulomas in various organs. While cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is clinically rare, it has significant implications, including heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Speckle-tracking echocardiography has emerged as a promising tool for detecting subclinical myocardial dysfunction, which is cost-efficient and readily available. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate differences in functional echocardiographic parameters between patients with CS and extracardiac sarcoidosis (ECS) to improve early recognition and management. Methods: A comprehensive search of major bibliographic databases was conducted to identify studies up to December 2024. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs were pooled using the inverse-variance random-effect model. Results: Seven studies with 478 patients with sarcoidosis (CS: 159 and ECS: 319) were included. Patients with CS had a significant reduction in left ventricular global longitudinal strain (MD: −2.73; 95% CI: −4.09, −1.38; p < 0.0001) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (MD: −0.59; 95% CI: −1.12, −0.05; p = 0.03) compared to patients with ECS. No significant differences in the LV global circumferential strain, interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular ejection fraction, E/A ratio, E/E’ ratio, LV end-diastolic diameter, and LV end-systolic diameter were noted. Conclusions: LV GLS and TAPSE are promising parameters for the early detection of cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis, with significant prognostic implications. Although STE provides a cost-effective and accessible alternative to CMR and FDG-PET, further research is needed to standardize its use and validate diagnostic cut-offs.
Date Issued
2025-03-01
Date Acceptance
2025-02-19
Citation
Diagnostics, 2025, 15 (5)
ISSN
2075-4418
Publisher
MDPI AG
Journal / Book Title
Diagnostics
Volume
15
Issue
5
Copyright Statement
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/).
License URL
Identifier
10.3390/diagnostics15050518
Subjects
Jain, H.
Shahzad, M.
Usman, M.
KC, A.
Singh, J.
Jain, J.
Odat, R.M.
Goyal, A.
Ahmed, F.
Ahmed, R. Detection of Myocardial Deformation Patterns and Prognostic Value of Routine Echocardiographic Parameters in Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis Versus Extracardiac Sarcoidosis: Systematic Review and sarcoidosis
cardiac sarcoidosis
speckle tracking echocardiography
Doppler echocardiography
myocardial deformation
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
518
Date Publish Online
2025-02-20