Pre-supernova alert system for super-kamiokande
File(s)Machado_2022_ApJ_935_40.pdf (2.2 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
In 2020, the Super-Kamiokande (SK) experiment moved to a new stage (SK-Gd) in which gadolinium (Gd) sulfate octahydrate was added to the water in the detector, enhancing the efficiency to detect thermal neutrons and consequently improving the sensitivity to low energy electron anti-neutrinos from inverse beta decay (IBD) interactions. SK-Gd has the potential to provide early alerts of incipient core-collapse supernovae through detection of electron anti-neutrinos from thermal and nuclear processes responsible for the cooling of massive stars before the gravitational collapse of their cores. These pre-supernova neutrinos emitted during the silicon burning phase can exceed the energy threshold for IBD reactions. We present the sensitivity of SK-Gd to pre-supernova stars and the techniques used for the development of a pre-supernova alarm based on the detection of these neutrinos in SK, as well as prospects for future SK-Gd phases with higher concentrations of Gd. For the current SK-Gd phase, high-confidence alerts for Betelgeuse could be issued up to 9 hr in advance of the core collapse itself.
Date Issued
2022-08-12
Date Acceptance
2022-06-28
Citation
The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics, 2022, 935 (1), pp.1-14
ISSN
0004-637X
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Start Page
1
End Page
14
Journal / Book Title
The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics
Volume
935
Issue
1
Copyright Statement
© 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
License URL
Identifier
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000839948900001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Subjects
Astronomy & Astrophysics
DETECTOR
EVOLUTION
GIANTS
MASS
NEUTRINO BURST
Physical Sciences
Science & Technology
SENSITIVITY
STARS
TRIGGER
WIND
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN 40
Date Publish Online
2022-08-12