Digital health technology (DHT) describes tools and devices that generate or process health data. The application of
DHTs could improve the diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of bacterial infection and the prevention of
antimicrobial resistance (AMR). DHTs to optimise antimicrobial use are rapidly being developed. To support the
global adoption of DHTs and the opportunities offered to optimise antimicrobial use consensus is needed on what
data are required to support antimicrobial decision making. This Series paper will explore bacterial AMR in humans
and the need to optimise antimicrobial use in response to this global threat. It will also describe state-of-the-art DHTs
to optimise antimicrobial prescribing in high-income and low-income and middle-income countries, and consider
what fundamental data are ideally required for and from such technologies to support optimised antimicrobial use.