Large-format bipolar and parallel solid-state lithium-metal cell stacks: a thermally coupled model-based comparative study
File(s)Pang_2020_J._Electrochem._Soc._167_160555.pdf (2.84 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Despite the potential of solid electrolytes in replacing liquid electrolytes, solid-state lithium-metal batteries have not been commercialised for large-scale applications due to manufacturing constraints. In this study, we demonstrate that the desired energy and power output for large-format solid-state lithium-metal batteries can be achieved by scaling and stacking unit cells. Two stack configurations, a bipolar and a parallel stack are modelled and compared. With 63 cells stacked in series, we show that a bipolar stack could reach a stack voltage up to 265 V. In contrast, a parallel stack with 32 double-coated cells could achieve a nominal capacity of 4 Ah. We also demonstrate that the choice of current collectors is critical in determining the gravimetric power and energy density of both stacks. By coupling the electrochemical stack model thermally, we show that the Joule heating effects are negligible for bipolar stacks but become dominant for parallel stacks. Bipolar stacks are better due to their higher power and energy densities and lower heat generation, but a lower Coulombic stack capacity limits their performance. In contrast, parallel stacks generate more heat and require more advanced thermal management. These thermally-coupled stack models can be used as prototypes to aid the future development of large-format solid-state batteries.
Date Issued
2021-01-14
Date Acceptance
2021-01-01
Citation
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2021, 167 (16), pp.1-23
ISSN
0013-4651
Publisher
Electrochemical Society
Start Page
1
End Page
23
Journal / Book Title
Journal of The Electrochemical Society
Volume
167
Issue
16
Copyright Statement
© 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
License URL
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000609265000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Technology
Electrochemistry
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Materials Science
electrochemical engineering
solid-state ionics
theory and modelling
batteries-lithium
ION BATTERY
ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY
THIN-FILMS
TEMPERATURE
PERFORMANCE
ELECTRODE
TITANIUM
POWER
IMPEDANCE
ENTROPY
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN 160555
Date Publish Online
2021-01-14