High prevalence of posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy in the czech republic; linkage disequilibrium mapping and dating an ancestral mutation
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) is a rare autosomal dominant genetically heterogeneous disorder. Nineteen Czech PPCD pedigrees with 113 affected family members were identified, and 17 of these kindreds were genotyped for markers on chromosome 20p12.1- 20q12. Comparison of haplotypes in 81 affected members, 20 unaffected first degree relatives and 13 spouses, as well as 55 unrelated controls, supported the hypothesis of a shared ancestor in 12 families originating from one geographic location. In 38 affected individuals from nine of these pedigrees, a common haplotype was observed between D20S48 and D20S107 spanning approximately 23 Mb, demonstrating segregation of disease with the PPCD1 locus. This haplotype was not detected in 110 ethnically matched control chromosomes. Within the common founder haplotype, a core mini-haplotype was detected for D20S605, D20S182 and M189K2 in all 67 affected members from families 1-12, however alleles representing the core mini-haplotype were also detected in population matched controls. The most likely location of the responsible gene within the disease interval, and estimated mutational age, were inferred by linkage disequilibrium mapping (DMLE+2.3). The appearance of a disease-causing mutation was dated between 64-133 generations. The inferred ancestral locus carrying a PPCD1 disease-causing variant within the disease interval spans 60 Kb on 20p11.23, which contains a single known protein coding gene, ZNF133. However, direct sequence analysis of coding and untranslated exons did not reveal a potential pathogenic mutation. Microdeletion or duplication was also excluded by comparative genomic hybridization using a dense chromosome 20 specific array. Geographical origin, haplotype and statistical analysis suggest that in 14 unrelated families an as yet undiscovered mutation on 20p11.23 was inherited from a common ancestor. Prevalence of PPCD in the Czech Republic appears to be the highest worldwide and our data suggests that at least one other novel locus for PPCD also exists.
Date Issued
2012-09-25
Date Acceptance
2012-08-17
Citation
PLoS ONE, 2012, 7 (9)
ISSN
1932-6203
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Journal / Book Title
PLoS ONE
Volume
7
Issue
9
Copyright Statement
© 2012 Liskova et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Identifier
PII: PONE-D-12-15158
Subjects
Science & Technology
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Science & Technology - Other Topics
VSX1 GENE
LOCUS
RECOMBINATION
CHROMOSOME-20
ENDOTHELIUM
KERATOCONUS
POPULATION
EXPRESSION
REPRESSION
MAPS
Case-Control Studies
Chromosome Mapping
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20
Comparative Genomic Hybridization
Cornea
Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary
Czech Republic
Exons
Female
Founder Effect
Genes, Dominant
Genetic Heterogeneity
Genetic Loci
Haplotypes
Humans
Linkage Disequilibrium
Male
Mutation
Pedigree
Prevalence
Repressor Proteins
MD Multidisciplinary
General Science & Technology
Notes
PMCID: PMC3458081
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
United States
Article Number
e45495
Date Publish Online
2012-09-25