Isothermal temperature control for battery testing and battery model parameterization
File(s)
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
The hybrid/electric vehicle (H/EV) market is very dependent on battery models. Battery models inform cell and battery pack design, critical in online battery management systems (BMSs), and can be used as predictive tools to maximize the lifetime of a battery pack. Battery models require parameterization, through experimentation. Temperature affects every aspect of a battery’s operation and must therefore be closely controlled throughout all battery experiments. Today, the private sector prefers climate chambers for experimental thermal control. However, evidence suggests that climate chambers are unable to adequately control the surface temperature of a battery under test. In this study, laboratory apparatus is introduced that controls the temperature of any exposed surface of a battery through conduction. Pulse discharge tests, temperature step-change tests, and driving cycle tests are used to compare the performance of this conductive thermal control apparatus (CTCA) against a climate chamber across a range of scenarios. The CTCA outperforms the climate chamber in all tests. In CTCA testing, the rate of heat removal from the cell is increased by two orders of magnitude. The CTCA eliminates error due to cell surface temperature rise, which is inherent to climate chamber testing due to insufficient heat removal rates from a cell under test. The CTCA can reduce the time taken to conduct entropic parameterization of a cell by almost 10 days, a 70% reduction in the presented case. Presently, the H/EV industry’s reliance on climate chambers is impacting the accuracy of all battery models. The industry must move away from the flawed concept of convective cooling during battery parameterization.
Date Issued
2021-04-27
Date Acceptance
2020-05-13
Citation
SAE International Journal of Electrified Vehicles, 2021, 10 (2), pp.105-122
ISSN
2691-3747
Publisher
SAE International
Start Page
105
End Page
122
Journal / Book Title
SAE International Journal of Electrified Vehicles
Volume
10
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
©2021 SAE International. All Rights Reserved.
Sponsor
Innovate UK
Identifier
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000743039300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Grant Number
105297
Subjects
Science & Technology
Technology
Transportation Science & Technology
Transportation
Lithium-ion battery
Battery testing
Battery model parameterization
Isothermal battery testing
Climate chambers
Conductive cooling
Convection cooling
Temperature control
Temperature boundary conditions
LITHIUM-ION
HEAT-GENERATION
PHYSICOCHEMICAL MODEL
DESIGN
ALGORITHMS
GRADIENTS
Publication Status
Published