Tensile behaviour of WAAM high strength steel material and members
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Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), a method of metal 3D printing, has the capacity to create large scale elements suitable for construction applications with a high degree of design freedom and structural efficiency. There is currently however a lack of fundamental experimental data on the material and structural performance of such elements. Towards addressing this limitation, the tensile behaviour of WAAM high strength steel produced using different printing strategies is the focus of the present study. WAAM steel plates and tubular tension members manufactured with different interpass temperatures and toolpaths using ER110S-G welding wire were examined. A total of 60 tensile coupons, consisting of 40 as-built and 20 machined specimens, and 8 as-built circular hollow section (CHS) tension members, were tested. The examined WAAM materials were found to exhibit very little anisotropy, corroborated by a nearly homogeneous crystallographic texture observed by microstructural analysis, while the inherent surface undulations were shown to result in a varying degree of reduction in the material stiffness, strength and ductility at different angles to the print layer orientation. The different printing strategies led to varying surface geometries; combined with different interpass temperatures, they also resulted in different thermal histories and thus different mechanical properties. The tension members showed good structural resistance, but a considerable reduction in ductility compared to the coupon tests, due to the greater geometric variability and manufacturing defects.
Date Issued
2024-01
Date Acceptance
2023-11-24
Citation
Materials and Design, 2024, 237
ISSN
0264-1275
Publisher
Elsevier
Journal / Book Title
Materials and Design
Volume
237
Copyright Statement
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. The Pre-Proof version is available open access under a CC-BY Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
License URL
Identifier
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127523009334
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
112517
Date Publish Online
2023-12-15