Momentum enhancement during kinetic impacts in the low-intermediate-strength regime: benchmarking & validation of impact shock physics codes
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Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
In September 2022, the DART spacecraft (NASA’s contribution to the Asteroid Impact & Deflection Assessment collaboration, AIDA) will impact the asteroid Dimorphos, the secondary in the Didymos system. The crater formation and material ejection will affect the orbital period. In 2027, Hera (ESA’s contribution to AIDA) will investigate the system, observe the crater caused by DART, and characterise Dimorphos. Before Hera’s arrival, the target properties are not well constrained. The relationships between observed orbital change and specific target properties are not unique, but Hera’s observations will add additional constraints for the analysis of the impact event, which will narrow the range of feasible target properties. In this study, we use three different shock physics codes to simulate momentum transfer from impactor to target and investigate the agreement between the results from the codes for well defined target materials. In contrast to previous studies, care is taken to use consistent crushing behaviour (e.g., distension as a function of pressure) for a given porosity for all codes. First, we validate the codes against impact experiments into a regolith simulant. Second, we
benchmark the codes at the DART impact scale for a range of target material parameters (10-
50% porosity, 1.4 - 100 kPa cohesion). Aligning the crushing behaviour improves the
consistency of the derived momentum enhancement between the three codes to within +/- 5%
for most materials used. Based on the derived mass-velocity distributions from all three codes, we derive scaling parameters that can be used for studies of the ejecta curtain.
benchmark the codes at the DART impact scale for a range of target material parameters (10-
50% porosity, 1.4 - 100 kPa cohesion). Aligning the crushing behaviour improves the
consistency of the derived momentum enhancement between the three codes to within +/- 5%
for most materials used. Based on the derived mass-velocity distributions from all three codes, we derive scaling parameters that can be used for studies of the ejecta curtain.
Date Issued
2022-10-12
Date Acceptance
2022-08-18
Citation
The Planetary Science Journal, 2022, 3 (227), pp.1-14
ISSN
2632-3338
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Start Page
1
End Page
14
Journal / Book Title
The Planetary Science Journal
Volume
3
Issue
227
Copyright Statement
© 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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Sponsor
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
Identifier
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/ac8b89
Grant Number
ST/S000615/1
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2022-10-12