Development of an opsonophagocytic killing assay for group a streptococcus
File(s)Jones_et_al_ACCEPTED.Vaccine2018.docx (139.74 KB)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) or Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for an estimated 500,000 deaths worldwide each year. Protection against GAS infection is thought to be mediated by phagocytosis, enhanced by bacteria-specific antibody. There are no licenced GAS vaccines, despite many promising candidates in preclinical and early stage clinical development, the most advanced of which are based on the GAS M-protein. Vaccine progress has been hindered, in part, by the lack of a standardised functional assay suitable for vaccine evaluation. Current assays, developed over 50 years ago, rely on non-immune human whole blood as a source of neutrophils and complement. Variations in complement and neutrophil activity between donors result in variable data that is difficult to interpret. We have developed an opsonophagocytic killing assay (OPKA) for GAS that utilises dimethylformamide (DMF)-differentiated human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) as a source of neutrophils and baby rabbit complement, thus removing the major sources of variation in current assays. We have standardised the OPKA for several clinically relevant GAS strain types (emm1, emm6 and emm12) and have shown antibody-specific killing for each emm-type using M-protein specific rabbit antisera. Specificity was demonstrated by pre-incubation of the antisera with homologous M-protein antigens that blocked antibody-specific killing. Additional qualifications of the GAS OPKA, including the assessment of the accuracy, precision, linearity and the lower limit of quantification, were also performed. This GAS OPKA assay has the potential to provide a robust and reproducible platform to accelerate GAS vaccine development.
Date Issued
2018-06-18
Date Acceptance
2018-05-11
Citation
Vaccine, 2018, 36 (26), pp.3756-3763
ISSN
0264-410X
Publisher
Elsevier
Start Page
3756
End Page
3763
Journal / Book Title
Vaccine
Volume
36
Issue
26
Copyright Statement
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This manuscript is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29776751
PII: S0264-410X(18)30676-5
Subjects
Baby rabbit complement
Functional assay
GAS vaccines
HL-60 cells
Opsonophagocytic killing assay
Streptococcus pyogenes
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
Netherlands
Date Publish Online
2018-06-02