Impact of perinatal factors on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk in preadolescent children.
File(s)
Accepted version
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This review aims to summarize associations of the perinatal environment with arterial biophysical properties in childhood, to elucidate possible perinatal origins of adult cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed database was performed (December 2020). Studies exploring associations of perinatal factors with arterial biophysical properties in children 12 years old or less were included. Properties studied included: pulse wave velocity; arterial stiffness or distensibility; augmentation index; intima-media thickness of aorta (aIMT) or carotids; endothelial function (laser flow Doppler, flow-mediated dilatation). Two reviewers independently performed study selection and data extraction. RESULTS: Fifty-two of 1084 identified records were included. Eleven studies explored associations with prematurity, 14 explored maternal factors during pregnancy, and 27 explored effects of low birth weight, small-for-gestational age and foetal growth restriction (LBW/SGA/FGR). aIMT was consistently higher in offspring affected by LBW/SGA/FGR in all six studies examining this variable. The cause of inconclusive or conflicting associations found with other arterial biophysical properties and perinatal factors may be multifactorial: in particular, measurements and analyses of related properties differed in technique, equipment, anatomical location, and covariates used. CONCLUSION: aIMT was consistently higher in LBW/SGA/FGR offspring, which may relate to increased long-term CVD risk. Larger and longer term cohort studies may help to elucidate clinical significance, particularly in relation to established CVD risk factors. Experimental studies may help to understand whether lifestyle or medical interventions can reverse perinatal changes aIMT. The field could be advanced by validation and standardization of techniques assessing arterial structure and function in children.
Date Issued
2023-07-01
Date Acceptance
2023-03-27
Citation
Journal of Hypertension, 2023, 41 (7), pp.1059-1067
ISSN
0263-6352
Publisher
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Start Page
1059
End Page
1067
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Hypertension
Volume
41
Issue
7
Copyright Statement
Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37115847
PII: 00004872-990000000-00246
Subjects
Biomarkers
Cardiovascular Diseases
Carotid Arteries
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Fetal Growth Retardation
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Small for Gestational Age
Pregnancy
Pulse Wave Analysis
Risk Factors
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
Netherlands
Date Publish Online
2023-07