Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region, 2001-2018
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Mostavafi, E
Ghasemian, A
Mahani, SAN
Rawaf, Salman
et al
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background: Countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are
predisposed to highly contagious, severe and fatal, emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), and re-emerging infectious
diseases (RIDs). This paper reviews the epidemiological situation of EIDs and RIDs of global concern in the EMR
between 2001 and 2018.
Methods: To do a narrative review, a complete list of studies in the field was we prepared following a systematic search
approach. Studies that were purposively reviewed were identified to summarize the epidemiological situation of each
targeted disease. A comprehensive search of all published studies on EIDs and RIDs between 2001 and 2018 was carried
out through search engines including Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.
Results: Leishmaniasis, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are reported from all countries in the
region. Chikungunya, Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), dengue fever, and H5N1 have been increasing in
number, frequency, and expanding in their geographic distribution. Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which
was reported in this region in 2012 is still a public health concern. There are challenges to control cholera, diphtheria,
leishmaniasis, measles, and poliomyelitis in some of the countries. Moreover, Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever (AHF), and
Rift Valley fever (RVF) are limited to some countries in the region. Also, there is little information about the real situation
of the plague, Q fever, and tularemia.
Conclusion: EIDs and RIDs are prevalent in most countries in the region and could further spread within the region. It
is crucial to improve regional capacities and capabilities in preventing and responding to disease outbreaks with adequate
resources and expertise.
predisposed to highly contagious, severe and fatal, emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), and re-emerging infectious
diseases (RIDs). This paper reviews the epidemiological situation of EIDs and RIDs of global concern in the EMR
between 2001 and 2018.
Methods: To do a narrative review, a complete list of studies in the field was we prepared following a systematic search
approach. Studies that were purposively reviewed were identified to summarize the epidemiological situation of each
targeted disease. A comprehensive search of all published studies on EIDs and RIDs between 2001 and 2018 was carried
out through search engines including Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.
Results: Leishmaniasis, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are reported from all countries in the
region. Chikungunya, Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), dengue fever, and H5N1 have been increasing in
number, frequency, and expanding in their geographic distribution. Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which
was reported in this region in 2012 is still a public health concern. There are challenges to control cholera, diphtheria,
leishmaniasis, measles, and poliomyelitis in some of the countries. Moreover, Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever (AHF), and
Rift Valley fever (RVF) are limited to some countries in the region. Also, there is little information about the real situation
of the plague, Q fever, and tularemia.
Conclusion: EIDs and RIDs are prevalent in most countries in the region and could further spread within the region. It
is crucial to improve regional capacities and capabilities in preventing and responding to disease outbreaks with adequate
resources and expertise.
Date Issued
2021-03-06
Date Acceptance
2021-02-08
Citation
International Journal of Health policy & Mangamnet, 2021, 11 (8), pp.1286-1300
ISSN
0036-3537
Publisher
IJHPM
Start Page
1286
End Page
1300
Journal / Book Title
International Journal of Health policy & Mangamnet
Volume
11
Issue
8
Copyright Statement
© 2021 The Author(s); Published by Kerman University of Medical Sciences. This is an open-access article
distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
License URL
Identifier
http://www.ijhpm.com/article_4018.html
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Health Care Sciences & Services
Health Policy & Services
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Zoonosis
MERS-CoV
CCHF
Eastern Mediterranean Region
RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS
CONGO HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER
RIFT-VALLEY FEVER
HEPATITIS-E VIRUS
VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUS
MIDDLE-EAST
CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS
MERS-COV
AVIAN INFLUENZA
DROMEDARY CAMELS
CCHF
Eastern Mediterranean Region
Emerging Infectious Diseases
MERS-CoV
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Zoonosis
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2021-03-06