Does gender affect the prognosis and risk of complications in patients with congenital heart disease in the modern era?
File(s)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Gender differences in the outcome of acquired cardiovascular disease are well known, but available literature on the influence of gender in congenital heart disease (CHD) is limited. Registries have provided valuable, albeit at times conflicting data. Higher mortality rates have been reported in older males with CHD, while sudden cardiac death is more prevalent in young males. However, mortality around surgery for CHD is higher in girls compared to boys, likely due to smaller body size. Women are at higher risk of developing pulmonary arterial hypertension, but at lower risk of adverse aortic outcomes, even though they are less likely to receive aortic surgery. Finally, women have a lower risk of presenting with infective endocarditis compared to men. The underlying reasons for gender differences in CHD can be attributed to genetic, hormonal, behavioural and other causes. The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of available evidence on gender differences in CHD and their impact on outcome.
Date Issued
2019-09-01
Date Acceptance
2019-05-03
Citation
International Journal of Cardiology, 2019, 290, pp.156-161
ISSN
0167-5273
Publisher
Elsevier
Start Page
156
End Page
161
Journal / Book Title
International Journal of Cardiology
Volume
290
Copyright Statement
© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. This manuscript is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31085083
PII: S0167-5273(19)30763-6
Subjects
Congenital heart disease
Gender difference
Outcome
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
Netherlands
Date Publish Online
2019-05-04