The prediction of the structural response of masonry structures under extreme loading conditions, including earthquakes,requiresthe use of advanced material descriptionsto represent the nonlinear behaviour of masonry. In general, micro-and mesoscale approaches are very computationally demanding, thus at present they are used mainly for detailed analysis of small masonry components. Conversely macroscale models, where masonry is assumed as a homogeneous material, aremore efficient and suitable for nonlinear analysis of realistic masonry structures. However, the calibration of the material parameters for such models, which is generally basedon physical testing of entire masonry components, remains an open issue. In this paper, a multiscale approach is proposed, in which an accuratemesoscale modelaccounting for the specific masonry bond is utilised invirtual tests for the calibration of a more efficient macroscale representation assumingenergy equivalence between the two scales. Since the calibration is performed offlineat the beginning of the analysis, the method is computationally attractive compared to alternativehomogenisation techniques. The proposed methodologyis applied to a case study consideringthe results obtained in previous experimental testson masonry components subjected to cyclic loading, and on a masonry building under pseudo-dynamic conditions representingearthquake loading.The results confirmthepotential of the proposedapproach and highlight somecritical issues, such asthe importance of selecting appropriatevirtual tests for model calibration,which can significantlyinfluence accuracy and robustness.