System-level comparison of ammonia, compressed and liquid hydrogen as fuels for polymer electrolyte fuel cell powered shipping
File(s)
Accepted version
Supporting information
Author(s)
Ye, Minnan
Sharp, Phil
Brandon, Nigel
Kucernak, Anthony
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
With the aim to reduce emissions from marine transport, electric propulsion systems for a water taxi and container ship powered by a hydrogen polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system are designed and analyzed compared to the current fuel-oil engine systems in terms of system energy and exergy efficiency, fuel consumption, mass and volume, environmental impacts and cost. Hydrogen is stored either as a compressed gas (GH2), cryogenic liquid (LH2) or produced from liquid ammonia (LNH3) and can deliver 91%,91% and 88% greenhouse gas reductions, respectively. All hydrogen sources fit within ship volume and mass constraints apart from GH2 in the cargo ship. In the absence of carbon policy measures, the costs over a 25-year system life are 108% (GH2), 112% (LH2), 116% (LNH3) greater for the container ship and 43% (GH2), 105% (LNH3) greater for the water taxi. A carbon tax of £75-191/tonne CO2eq would allow the low carbon options to become cost competitive.
Date Issued
2022-02-12
Date Acceptance
2021-12-16
Citation
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2022, 47 (13), pp.8565-8584
ISSN
0360-3199
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Start Page
8565
End Page
8584
Journal / Book Title
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Volume
47
Issue
13
Copyright Statement
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This manuscript is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Sponsor
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (E
Identifier
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319921048643?via%3Dihub
Grant Number
EP/P024807/1
Subjects
03 Chemical Sciences
09 Engineering
Energy
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2022-01-06