Addressing limitations in existing ‘simplified’ liquefaction triggering evaluation procedures: application to induced seismicity in the Groningen gas field
File(s)Green et al - Groningen liq - accepted.pdf (847.6 KB)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
The Groningen gas field is one of the largest in the world and has produced over 2000 billion m3 of natural gas since the start of production in 1963. The first earthquakes linked to gas production in the Groningen field occurred in 1991, with the largest event to date being a local magnitude (ML) 3.6. As a result, the field operator is leading an effort to quantify the seismic hazard and risk resulting from the gas production operations, including the assessment of liquefaction hazard. However, due to the unique characteristics of both the seismic hazard and the geological subsurface, particularly the unconsolidated sediments, direct application of existing liquefaction evaluation procedures is deemed inappropriate in Groningen. Specifically, the depth-stress reduction factor (rd) and the magnitude scaling factor relationships inherent to existing variants of the simplified liquefaction evaluation procedure are considered unsuitable for use. Accordingly, efforts have first focused on developing a framework for evaluating the liquefaction potential of the region for moment magnitudes (M) ranging from 3.5 to 7.0. The limitations of existing liquefaction procedures for use in Groningen and the path being followed to overcome these shortcomings are presented in detail herein.
Date Issued
2019-08-01
Date Acceptance
2018-10-03
Citation
Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 2019, 17 (8), pp.4539-4557
ISSN
1570-761X
Publisher
Springer
Start Page
4539
End Page
4557
Journal / Book Title
Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Volume
17
Issue
8
Copyright Statement
© Springer Nature B.V. 2018. The final publication is available at Springer via https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0489-3
Identifier
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10518-018-0489-3
Subjects
Science & Technology
Technology
Physical Sciences
Engineering, Geological
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Engineering
Geology
Liquefaction
Liquefaction hazard
Magnitude scaling factor
Depth-stress reduction factor
Induced seismicity
Groningen gas field
PORE PRESSURE GENERATION
GROUND-MOTION MODEL
DETERMINISTIC ASSESSMENT
HAZARD
MAGNITUDE
CYCLES
NUMBER
SOILS
Strategic, Defence & Security Studies
0403 Geology
0905 Civil Engineering
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2018-10-09