High-dose vitamin D3 reduces deficiency caused by low UVB exposure and limits HIV-1 replication in urban Southern Africans.
File(s)
Accepted version
Supporting information
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Cape Town, South Africa, has a seasonal pattern of UVB radiation and a predominantly dark-skinned urban population who suffer high HIV-1 prevalence. This coexistent environmental and phenotypic scenario puts residents at risk for vitamin D deficiency, which may potentiate HIV-1 disease progression. We conducted a longitudinal study in two ethnically distinct groups of healthy young adults in Cape Town, supplemented with vitamin D3 in winter, to determine whether vitamin D status modifies the response to HIV-1 infection and to identify the major determinants of vitamin D status (UVB exposure, diet, pigmentation, and genetics). Vitamin D deficiency was observed in the majority of subjects in winter and in a proportion of individuals in summer, was highly correlated with UVB exposure, and was associated with greater HIV-1 replication in peripheral blood cells. High-dosage oral vitamin D3 supplementation attenuated HIV-1 replication, increased circulating leukocytes, and reversed winter-associated anemia. Vitamin D3 therefore presents as a low-cost supplementation to improve HIV-associated immunity.
Date Issued
2015-06-30
Date Acceptance
2015-05-19
Citation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015, 112 (26), pp.8052-8057
ISSN
1091-6490
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Start Page
8052
End Page
8057
Journal / Book Title
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume
112
Issue
26
Copyright Statement
© 2015 National Academy of Sciences.
Identifier
PII: 1500909112
Subjects
infectious disease
nutrition
pigmentation
polymorphism
seasonal variation
Publication Status
Published