Ion kinetic energy conservation and magnetic field strength constancy in multi-fluid solar wind alfvénic turbulence
File(s)Matteini 2015 0004-637X_802_1_11.pdf (1.78 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Matteini, L
Horbury, TS
Pantellini, F
Velli, M
Schwartz, SJ
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
We investigate the properties of plasma fluid motion in the large-amplitude, low-frequency fluctuations of highly
Alfvénic fast solar wind. We show that protons locally conserve total kinetic energy when observed from an
effective frame of reference comoving with the fluctuations. For typical properties of the fast wind, this frame can
be reasonably identified by alpha particles which, due to their drift with respect to protons at about the Alfvén
speed along the magnetic field, do not partake in the fluid low-frequency fluctuations. Using their velocity to
transform the proton velocity into the frame of Alfvénic turbulence, we demonstrate that the resulting plasma
motion is characterized by a constant absolute value of the velocity, zero electric fields, and aligned velocity and
magnetic field vectors as expected for unidirectional Alfvénic fluctuations in equilibrium. We propose that this
constraint, via the correlation between velocity and magnetic field in Alfvénic turbulence, is the origin of the
observed constancy of the magnetic field; while the constant velocity corresponding to constant energy can only be
observed in the frame of the fluctuations, the corresponding constant total magnetic field, invariant for Galilean
transformations, remains the observational signature in the spacecraft frame of the constant total energy in the
Alfvén turbulence frame
Alfvénic fast solar wind. We show that protons locally conserve total kinetic energy when observed from an
effective frame of reference comoving with the fluctuations. For typical properties of the fast wind, this frame can
be reasonably identified by alpha particles which, due to their drift with respect to protons at about the Alfvén
speed along the magnetic field, do not partake in the fluid low-frequency fluctuations. Using their velocity to
transform the proton velocity into the frame of Alfvénic turbulence, we demonstrate that the resulting plasma
motion is characterized by a constant absolute value of the velocity, zero electric fields, and aligned velocity and
magnetic field vectors as expected for unidirectional Alfvénic fluctuations in equilibrium. We propose that this
constraint, via the correlation between velocity and magnetic field in Alfvénic turbulence, is the origin of the
observed constancy of the magnetic field; while the constant velocity corresponding to constant energy can only be
observed in the frame of the fluctuations, the corresponding constant total magnetic field, invariant for Galilean
transformations, remains the observational signature in the spacecraft frame of the constant total energy in the
Alfvén turbulence frame
Date Issued
2015-03-20
Date Acceptance
2015-01-04
Citation
Astrophysical Journal, 2015, 802 (1)
ISSN
1538-4357
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Journal / Book Title
Astrophysical Journal
Volume
802
Issue
1
Copyright Statement
© 2015. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Sponsor
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
The Leverhulme Trust
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
Science and Technology Facilities Council [2006-2012]
Grant Number
ST/K001051/1
RF-2015-188
ST/N000692/1
ST/K001051/1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Astronomy & Astrophysics
magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
plasmas
solar wind
turbulence
waves
ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS
WAVES
FLUCTUATIONS
PLASMA
SPEED
AU
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN 11