Relapse of HHV8-positive multicentric Castleman disease following rituximab-based therapy in HIV-positive patients
File(s)
Supporting information
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Successful treatment of HIV-associated multicentric Castleman disease (HIV+MCD) with rituximab-based approaches has dramatically improved survival and reduced the risk of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-associated lymphoma. Longer term outcomes including relapse rates have not been described and are important to establish the potential role of maintenance therapy. A prospective cohort of 84 patients with biopsy-proven HIV+MCD were treated with risk-stratified rituximab-based therapy. Four patients (5%) died of refractory HIV+MCD and 80 achieved clinical remission. The median follow-up for the 80 patients was 6.9 years and their 5-year overall survival was 92% (95% confidence interval [CI], 85 to 99). Eighteen have relapsed (all histologically confirmed), including 5 with concomitant HHV8-associated lymphoma and MCD at relapse. The 5-year relapse-free survival is 82% (95% CI, 72 to 92). No clinical or laboratory findings that were present at MCD diagnosis predicted subsequent relapse, and the median time to first relapse was 30 months (maximum, 10 years). There were no significant differences in clinicopathological features at initial diagnosis and at relapse. All patients were successfully retreated at relapse with rituximab-based therapy. Only 1 patient died of relapsed MCD (at fifth relapse 9.4 years after initial diagnosis). Despite the use of rituximab, the risk of developing HHV8-associated lymphoma was significantly elevated in this cohort, with an incidence of 11.4/1000 person-years. The relatively low relapse rate and high salvage rates at relapse reduce the potential benefit of maintenance therapy; this should only be advocated in the context of a clinical trial.
Date Issued
2017-04-13
Date Acceptance
2017-01-17
Citation
BLOOD, 2017, 129 (15), pp.2143-2147
ISSN
0006-4971
Publisher
American Society of Hematology
Start Page
2143
End Page
2147
Journal / Book Title
BLOOD
Volume
129
Issue
15
Copyright Statement
© 2017 The American Society of Hematology. The article was published in Blood 2017 129:2143-2147; doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-10-747477
Sponsor
St Stephen's Aids Trust
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000399008200019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Grant Number
N/A
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Hematology
LYMPHOMA
VALGANCICLOVIR
SUPPRESSION
HHV-8
CELLS
TRIAL
Adult
Disease-Free Survival
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia
HIV Seropositivity
Herpesviridae Infections
Herpesvirus 8, Human
Humans
Male
Recurrence
Retrospective Studies
Rituximab
Survival Rate
Immunology
1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology
1103 Clinical Sciences
1114 Paediatrics And Reproductive Medicine
Publication Status
Published