What is the solar wind frame of reference?
File(s)Nemecek_ApJ.pdf (4.12 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Various solar wind ion species move with different speeds and theoretical considerations as well as limited observations in a region close to the Sun show that heavy solar wind ions tend to flow faster than protons, at least in less-aged fast solar wind streams. The solar wind flow carries the frozen-in interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and this situation evokes three related questions: (i) what is the proper solar wind speed, (ii) is this speed equal to the speed of the dominant component, whatever that may be, and (iii) what is the speed of the magnetic field? We show that simple theoretical considerations based on the MHD approximation as well as on the dynamics of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields suggest that the IMF velocity of motion (de Hoffmann–Teller (HT) velocity) would be deliberated as the velocity appropriate for solar wind studies. Our analysis based on the Wind, Helios, ACE, and SOHO observations of differential streaming of solar wind populations shows that their energy is conserved in the HT frame. On the other hand, the noise and temporal resolution of the data do not allow us to decide whether the total momentum is also conserved in this frame.
Date Issued
2020-02-01
Date Acceptance
2019-12-27
Citation
The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics, 2020, 889 (2), pp.1-14
ISSN
0004-637X
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Start Page
1
End Page
14
Journal / Book Title
The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics
Volume
889
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
© 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available online at https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab65f7
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000537753200001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Astronomy & Astrophysics
ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS
ALFVEN WAVES
PROTON
FIELD
VELOCITIES
PARTICLES
CHARGE
SPEED
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN 163
Date Publish Online
2020-02-04