Measurement of outflow facility using iPerfusion
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Published version
Author(s)
Sherwood, JM
Reina-Torres, E
Bertrand, J
Rowe, B
Overby, DR
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the predominant risk factor for glaucoma, and reducing IOP is the only successful strategy to prevent further glaucomatous vision loss. IOP is determined by the balance between the rates of aqueous humour secretion and outflow, and a pathological reduction in the hydraulic conductance of outflow, known as outflow facility, is responsible for IOP elevation in glaucoma. Mouse models are often used to investigate the mechanisms controlling outflow facility, but the diminutive size of the mouse eye makes measurement of outflow technically challenging. In this study, we present a new approach to measure and analyse outflow facility using iPerfusion™, which incorporates an actuated pressure reservoir, thermal flow sensor, differential pressure measurement and an automated computerised interface. In enucleated eyes from C57BL/6J mice, the flow-pressure relationship is highly non-linear and is well represented by an empirical power law model that describes the pressure dependence of outflow facility. At zero pressure, the measured flow is indistinguishable from zero, confirming the absence of any significant pressure independent flow in enucleated eyes. Comparison with the commonly used 2-parameter linear outflow model reveals that inappropriate application of a linear fit to a non-linear flow-pressure relationship introduces considerable errors in the estimation of outflow facility and leads to the false impression of pressure-independent outflow. Data from a population of enucleated eyes from C57BL/6J mice show that outflow facility is best described by a lognormal distribution, with 6-fold variability between individuals, but with relatively tight correlation of facility between fellow eyes. iPerfusion represents a platform technology to accurately and robustly characterise the flow-pressure relationship in enucleated mouse eyes for the purpose of glaucoma research and with minor modifications, may be applied in vivo to mice, as well as to eyes from other species or different biofluidic systems.
Date Issued
2016-03-07
Date Acceptance
2016-02-17
Citation
PLoS One, 2016, 11 (3), pp.1-29
ISSN
1932-6203
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Start Page
1
End Page
29
Journal / Book Title
PLoS One
Volume
11
Issue
3
Copyright Statement
© 2016 Sherwood et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original author and source are
credited.
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original author and source are
credited.
License URL
Sponsor
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
BrightFocus Foundation
National Institutes of Health
Fight For Sight
National Institutes of Health
Identifier
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0150694
Grant Number
EP/J010499/1
G2013048
203-1774
Ref: 1385
SP0028943-PROJ0007600
Subjects
Science & Technology
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Science & Technology - Other Topics
AQUEOUS-HUMOR DYNAMICS
INTRAOCULAR-PRESSURE
GLAUCOMA PROGRESSION
TRABECULAR MESHWORK
VENOUS-PRESSURE
MOUSE
PERFUSION
MICE
ANESTHESIA
RESISTANCE
Animals
Glaucoma
Intraocular Pressure
Linear Models
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Perfusion
Animals
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice
Glaucoma
Linear Models
Perfusion
Intraocular Pressure
Male
General Science & Technology
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
e0150694
Date Publish Online
2016-03-07