Sentiment analysis of popular-music references to automobiles, 1950s to 2010s
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Wu, Chenyang
Le Vine, Scott
Bengel, Elizabeth
Czerwinski, Jason
Polak, John
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a scholarly debate regarding the decrease in automobile-related mobility indicators (car ownership, driving license holding, VMT, etc.). Broadly speaking, two theories have been put forward to explain this trend: (1) economic factors whose impacts are well-understood in principle, but whose occurrence among young adults as a demographic sub-group had been overlooked, and (2) less well-understood shifts in cultural mores, values and sentiment towards the automobile. This second theory is devilishly difficult to study, due primarily to limitations in standard data resources such as the National Household Travel Survey and international peer datasets. In this study we first compiled a database of lyrics to popular music songs from 1956 to 2015 (defined by inclusion in the annual “top 40”), and subsequently identified references to automobiles within this corpus. We then evaluated whether there is support for theory #2 above within popular music, by looking at changes from the 1950s to the 2010s. We demonstrate that the frequency of references to automobility tended for many years to increase over time, however there has more recently been a decline after the late 2000s (decade). In terms of the sentiment of popular music lyrics that reference automobiles, our results are mixed as to whether the references are becoming increasingly positive or negative (machine analysis suggests increasing negativity, while human analysis did not find a significant association), however a consistent observation is that sentiment of automobile references have over time become more positive relative to sentiment of song lyrics overall. We also show that sentiment towards automobile references differs systematically by genre, e.g. automobile references within ‘Rock’ lyrics are in general more negative than similar references to cars in other music genres). The data generated on this project have been archived and made available open access for use by future researchers; details are in the full paper.
Date Issued
2022-04-01
Date Acceptance
2021-03-17
Citation
Transportation, 2022, 49, pp.641-678
ISSN
0049-4488
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Start Page
641
End Page
678
Journal / Book Title
Transportation
Volume
49
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
License URL
Identifier
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-021-10189-1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Technology
Engineering, Civil
Transportation
Transportation Science & Technology
Engineering
Peak car
Popular music
Sentiment analysis
Natural language processing
CAR OWNERSHIP
YOUNG-ADULTS
DRIVING-LICENSE
AGE COMPOSITION
SOCIAL MEDIA
TWITTER DATA
ATTITUDES
DRIVERS
DECLINE
TRANSPORTATION
Natural language processing
Peak car
Popular music
Sentiment analysis
Logistics & Transportation
0905 Civil Engineering
1205 Urban and Regional Planning
1507 Transportation and Freight Services
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2021-05-02