Prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency in 1,825 Cape Town primary schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study

File(s)

nutrients-14-01263-v2.pdf (1.29 MB)

Published version

Show more

OA Location

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1263

Author(s)

Middelkoop, Keren

Walker, Neil

Stewart, Justine

Delport, Carmen

Joliffe, David A

more

Type

Journal Article

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] <50 nmol/L) is common among adults in Cape Town, South Africa, but studies investigating vitamin D status of children in this setting are lacking. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency in 1825 Cape Town schoolchildren aged 6–11 years. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 7.6% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 6.5% to 8.9%). Determinants of vitamin D deficiency included month of sampling (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] for July–September vs. January–March 10.69, 95% CI 5.02 to 22.77; aOR for October–December vs. January–March 6.73, 95% CI 2.82 to 16.08), older age (aOR 1.25 per increasing year, 95% CI: 1.01–1.53) and higher body mass index (BMI; aOR 1.24 per unit increase in BMI-for-age Z-score, 95% CI: 1.03–1.49). In a subset of 370 participants in whom parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations were measured; these were inversely related to serum 25(OH)D concentrations (p < 0.001). However, no association between participants with hyperparathyroidism (PTH >6.9 pmol/L) and vitamin D deficiency was seen (p = 0.42). In conclusion, we report that season is the major determinant of vitamin D status among Cape Town primary schoolchildren, with prevalence of vitamin D deficiency ranging from 1.4% in January–March to 22.8% in July–September.

Show more

Date Issued

2022-03-16

Date Acceptance

2022-03-08

Citation

Nutrients, 2022, 14 (6), pp.1-13

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/95822

URL

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1263

DOI

https://www.dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14061263

ISSN

2072-6643

Publisher

MDPI AG

Start Page

1

End Page

13

Journal / Book Title

Nutrients

Volume

14

Issue

6

Copyright Statement

© 2022 by the authors.
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

License URL

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Sponsor

Wellcome Trust

Wellcome Trust

Identifier

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1263

Grant Number

104803/Z/14/Z

WDAI_P83556

Subjects

0908 Food Sciences

1111 Nutrition and Dietetics

Publication Status

Published

Date Publish Online

2022-03-16