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  4. Player position in American Football influences the magnitude of mechanical strains produced in the location of chronic traumatic encephalopathy pathology: a computational modelling study
 
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Player position in American Football influences the magnitude of mechanical strains produced in the location of chronic traumatic encephalopathy pathology: a computational modelling study
File(s)
1-s2.0-S0021929021000361-main.pdf (1.79 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Zimmerman, Karl
Kim, Joo
Karton, Clara
Lochhead, Liam
Sharp, David
more
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
American football players are frequently exposed to head impacts, which can cause concussions and may lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Player position appears to influence the risk of concussion but there is limited work on its effect on the risk of CTE. Computational modelling has shown that large brain deformations during head impacts co-localise with CTE pathology in sulci. Here we test whether player position has an effect on brain deformation within the sulci, a possible biomechanical trigger for CTE. We physically reconstructed 148 head impact events from video footage of American Football games. Players were separated into 3 different position profiles based on the magnitude and frequency of impacts. A detailed finite element model of TBI was then used to predict Green-Lagrange strain and strain rate across the brain and in sulci. Using a one-way ANOVA, we found that in positions where players were exposed to large magnitude and low frequency impacts (e.g. defensive back and wide receiver), strain and strain rate across the brain and in sulci were highest. We also found that rotational head motion is a key determinant in producing large strains and strain rates in the sulci. Our results suggest that player position has a significant effect on impact kinematics, influencing the magnitude of deformations within sulci, which spatially corresponds to where CTE pathology is observed. This work can inform future studies investigating different player-position risks for concussion and CTE and guide design of prevention systems.
Date Issued
2021-03-01
Date Acceptance
2021-01-15
Citation
Journal of Biomechanics, 2021, 118
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/86943
URL
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021929021000361?via%3Dihub
DOI
https://www.dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110256
ISSN
0021-9290
Publisher
Elsevier
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Biomechanics
Volume
118
Copyright Statement
Copyright, 2021 The Authors.
License URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Sponsor
Wellcome Trust
National Institute for Health Research
UK DRI Ltd
Identifier
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021929021000361?via%3Dihub
Grant Number
212430/Z/18/Z
NIHR-RP-011-048
'CR & T IMP'
Subjects
Biomechanics
Brain concussion
Brain injuries
Neuroanatomy
Tauopathies
Traumatic
Biomedical Engineering
0903 Biomedical Engineering
0913 Mechanical Engineering
1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2021-01-23
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