Adult intensive care unit admissions with severe COVID-19 infection following emergency Caesarean section deliveries: a case series
File(s)
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background
UK data suggest 6% of COVID-19 hospital admissions are either currently pregnant or immediately post-partum. However, the current literature suggests that if COVID-19 occurs in pregnancy, or post-partum, symptoms are mostly mild.
Methods
All COVID-19 admissions to one acute London National Health Service Foundation trust were reviewed since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to 1 May 2020 to establish whether there were any pregnant or immediately post-partum admissions. Data were extracted from hospital electronic records and anonymised. Any patients admitted to adult intensive care unit had their case notes reviewed in detail and comparison made to a local risk-assessment guideline identifying patients at-risk of thromboembolic events or cytokine storms. Local hospital guidelines were followed. Patients admitted to adult intensive care unit gave written consent.
Results
A total of 24 pregnant or immediately post-partum patients with COVID-19 were admitted. Three patients required long adult intensive care unit admissions for severe single-organ respiratory failure after emergency C-sections. Two of these patients required proning (three times and eight times, respectively). All were considered medium risk for thromboembolic events but had rising D-dimers following adult intensive care unit admission, resulting in increased dosing of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis throughout their admission. All were considered low risk for a cytokine storm, and none had any significant cardiovascular or renal involvement. One patient developed a super-imposed fungal lung infection. All three patients developed delirium following cessation of sedation.
Conclusion
Pregnant or immediately post-partum women can develop severe COVID-19 symptoms requiring prolonged adult intensive care unit admission. It is likely to be single-organ failure, but patients are at a high risk of a thromboembolic event and delirium.
UK data suggest 6% of COVID-19 hospital admissions are either currently pregnant or immediately post-partum. However, the current literature suggests that if COVID-19 occurs in pregnancy, or post-partum, symptoms are mostly mild.
Methods
All COVID-19 admissions to one acute London National Health Service Foundation trust were reviewed since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to 1 May 2020 to establish whether there were any pregnant or immediately post-partum admissions. Data were extracted from hospital electronic records and anonymised. Any patients admitted to adult intensive care unit had their case notes reviewed in detail and comparison made to a local risk-assessment guideline identifying patients at-risk of thromboembolic events or cytokine storms. Local hospital guidelines were followed. Patients admitted to adult intensive care unit gave written consent.
Results
A total of 24 pregnant or immediately post-partum patients with COVID-19 were admitted. Three patients required long adult intensive care unit admissions for severe single-organ respiratory failure after emergency C-sections. Two of these patients required proning (three times and eight times, respectively). All were considered medium risk for thromboembolic events but had rising D-dimers following adult intensive care unit admission, resulting in increased dosing of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis throughout their admission. All were considered low risk for a cytokine storm, and none had any significant cardiovascular or renal involvement. One patient developed a super-imposed fungal lung infection. All three patients developed delirium following cessation of sedation.
Conclusion
Pregnant or immediately post-partum women can develop severe COVID-19 symptoms requiring prolonged adult intensive care unit admission. It is likely to be single-organ failure, but patients are at a high risk of a thromboembolic event and delirium.
Date Issued
2021-11-01
Date Acceptance
2020-08-01
Citation
Journal of the Intensive Care Society, 2021, 22 (4), pp.288-299
ISSN
1751-1437
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Start Page
288
End Page
299
Journal / Book Title
Journal of the Intensive Care Society
Volume
22
Issue
4
Copyright Statement
© The Intensive Care Society 2020. The final, definitive version of this paper has been published in 1.
Morton S, Lamont H, Silvey N, et al. Adult intensive care unit admissions with severe COVID-19 infection following emergency Caesarean section deliveries: A case series. Journal of the Intensive Care Society. August 2020 by Sage Publications Ltd. All rights reserved. It is available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1751143720947547
Morton S, Lamont H, Silvey N, et al. Adult intensive care unit admissions with severe COVID-19 infection following emergency Caesarean section deliveries: A case series. Journal of the Intensive Care Society. August 2020 by Sage Publications Ltd. All rights reserved. It is available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1751143720947547
Identifier
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1751143720947547
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2020-08-26