Management of adrenal incidentalomas: European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
By definition, an adrenal incidentaloma is an asymptomatic adrenal mass detected on imaging not performed for suspected adrenal disease. In most cases, adrenal incidentalomas are nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenomas, but may also represent conditions requiring therapeutic intervention (e.g. adrenocortical carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, hormone-producing adenoma or metastasis). The purpose of this guideline is to provide clinicians with best possible evidence-based recommendations for clinical management of patients with adrenal incidentalomas based on the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system. We predefined four main clinical questions crucial for the management of adrenal incidentaloma patients, addressing these four with systematic literature searches: (A) How to assess risk of malignancy?; (B) How to define and manage low-level autonomous cortisol secretion, formerly called ‘subclinical’ Cushing's syndrome?; (C) Who should have surgical treatment and how should it be performed?; (D) What follow-up is indicated if the adrenal incidentaloma is not surgically removed?
Date Issued
2016-08-01
Date Acceptance
2016-06-02
Citation
European Journal of Endocrinology (EJE), 2016, 175 (2), pp.G1-G34
ISSN
0804-4643
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Start Page
G1
End Page
G34
Journal / Book Title
European Journal of Endocrinology (EJE)
Volume
175
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
© European Society of Endocrinology 2016
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27390021
PII: 175/2/G1
Subjects
ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA
BONE-MINERAL DENSITY
CELL LUNG-CANCER
CHEMICAL-SHIFT MRI
Endocrinology & Metabolism
FINE-NEEDLE-ASPIRATION
INCREASED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK
LAPAROSCOPIC ADRENALECTOMY
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY
Science & Technology
SUBCLINICAL CUSHINGS-SYNDROME
TERM-FOLLOW-UP
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
England
Date Publish Online
2016-08-01