ProMyelocytic Leukemia protein (PML) controls breast cancer cell proliferation by modulating Forkhead transcription factors
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
he multitasking Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein was originally recognized as a tumor suppressive factor, but more recent evidence has implicated PML in tumor cell pro‐survival actions and poor patient prognosis in specific cancer settings. Here, we report that inducible PMLIV expression inhibits cell proliferation as well as self‐renewal, and impairs cell cycle progression of breast cancer cell lines in a reversible manner. Transcriptomic profiling identified a large number of PML‐deregulated genes associated with various cell processes. Among them, cell cycle and division related genes and their cognitive regulators are highly ranked. In this study, we focused on previously unknown PML targets, namely the Forkhead transcription factors. PML suppresses the Forkhead box subclass M1 (FOXM1) transcription factor at both the RNA and protein level, along with many of its gene targets. We show that FOXM1 interacts with PMLIV primarily via its DNA binding domain and dynamically co‐localizes in PML nuclear bodies. In parallel, PML modulates the activity of FOXO3, a factor opposing certain FOXM1 activities, to promote cell survival and stress resistance. Thus, PMLIV affects the balance of FOXO3 and FOXM1 transcriptional programs by acting on discrete gene subsets to favour both growth inhibition and survival. Interestingly, PMLIV‐specific knockdown mimicked ectopic expression vis‐à‐vis loss of proliferative ability and self‐renewal, but also led to loss of survival ability as shown by increased apoptosis. We propose that divergent or similar effects on cell physiology may be elicited by high or low PMLIV levels dictated by other concurrent genetic or epigenetic cancer cell states that may additionally account for its disparate effects in various cancer types.
Date Issued
2019-06-01
Date Acceptance
2019-03-04
Citation
Molecular Oncology, 2019, 13 (6), pp.1369-1387
ISSN
1878-0261
Publisher
Wiley Open Access
Start Page
1369
End Page
1387
Journal / Book Title
Molecular Oncology
Volume
13
Issue
6
Copyright Statement
Molecular Oncology (2019) © 2019 The Authors. Published by FEBS Press and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Sponsor
Cancer Research UK
Breast Cancer Care & Breast Cancer Now
Medical Research Council (MRC)
Breast Cancer Care & Breast Cancer Now
Grant Number
12011
2012MayPR070
MR/N012097/1
2012NovemberPhD016
Subjects
PML
FOXO3-FOXM1 network
breast cancer
growth arrest
transcriptomics
1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis
Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2019-03-30