A systematic review of cardiac in-silico clinical trials
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Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Computational models of the heart are now being used to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of interventions through in-silico clinical trials (ISCTs). As the adoption and acceptance of ISCTs increases, best practices for reporting the methodology and analysing the results will emerge. Focusing in the area of cardiology, we aim to evaluate the types of ISCTs, their analysis methods and their reporting standards. To this end, we conducted a systematic review of cardiac ISCTs over the period of 1 January 2012–1 January 2022, following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA). We considered cardiac ISCTs of human patient cohorts, and excluded studies of single individuals and those in which models were used to guide a procedure without comparing against a control group. We identified 36 publications that described cardiac ISCTs, with most of the studies coming from the US and the UK. In $75\%$ of the studies, a validation step was performed, although the specific type of validation varied between the studies. ANSYS FLUENT was the most commonly used software in $19\%$ of ISCTs. The specific software used was not reported in $14\%$ of the studies. Unlike clinical trials, we found a lack of consistent reporting of patient demographics, with $28\%$ of the studies not reporting them. Uncertainty quantification was limited, with sensitivity analysis performed in only $19\%$ of the studies. In $97\%$ of the ISCTs, no link was provided to provide easy access to the data or models used in the study. There was no consistent naming of study types with a wide range of studies that could potentially be considered ISCTs. There is a clear need for community agreement on minimal reporting standards on patient demographics, accepted standards for ISCT cohort quality control, uncertainty quantification, and increased model and data sharing.
Date Issued
2023-07-01
Date Acceptance
2023-06-07
Citation
Progress in Biomedical Engineering, 2023, 5 (3)
ISSN
2516-1091
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Journal / Book Title
Progress in Biomedical Engineering
Volume
5
Issue
3
Copyright Statement
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. Original Content from
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Subjects
computational cardiology
computational trial
DELAY
digital twin
ENDOTHELIAL SHEAR-STRESS
Engineering
Engineering, Biomedical
FLOW
heart simulation
IMPACT
IMPLANTATION
LATERAL TUNNEL
MODELS
RISK
SCAFFOLD
Science & Technology
SIMULATION
Technology
virtual clinical trials
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
032004
Date Publish Online
2023-06-22