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  5. Convergence of federated learning over a noisy downlink
 
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Convergence of federated learning over a noisy downlink
File(s)
MAGKP_TWC21b.pdf (4.82 MB)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Amiri, Mohammad Mohammadi
Gunduz, Deniz
Kulkarni, Sanjeev R
Vincent Poor, H
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
We study federated learning (FL), where power-limited wireless devices utilize their local datasets to collaboratively train a global model with the help of a remote parameter server (PS). The PS has access to the global model and shares it with the devices for local training using their datasets, and the devices return the result of their local updates to the PS to update the global model. The algorithm continues until the convergence of the global model. This framework requires downlink transmission from the PS to the devices and uplink transmission from the devices to the PS. The goal of this study is to investigate the impact of the bandwidth-limited shared wireless medium on the performance of FL with a focus on the downlink. To this end, the downlink and uplink channels are modeled as fading broadcast and multiple access channels, respectively, both with limited bandwidth. For downlink transmission, we first introduce a digital approach, where a quantization technique is employed at the PS followed by a capacity-achieving channel code to transmit the global model update over the wireless broadcast channel at a common rate such that all the devices can decode it. Next, we propose analog downlink transmission, where the global model is broadcast by the PS in an uncoded manner. We consider analog transmission over the uplink in both cases, since its superiority over digital transmission for uplink has been well studied in the literature. We further analyze the convergence behavior of the proposed analog transmission approach over the downlink assuming that the uplink transmission is error-free. Numerical experiments show that the analog downlink approach provides significant improvement over the digital one with a more notable improvement when the data distribution across the devices is not independent and identically distributed. The experimental results corroborate the convergence analysis, and show that a smaller number of local iterations should be used when the data distribution is more biased, and also when the devices have a better estimate of the global model in the analog downlink approach.
Date Issued
2022-03
Date Acceptance
2021-08-01
Citation
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2022, 21 (3), pp.1422-1437
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/92901
URL
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9515709
DOI
https://www.dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3103874
ISSN
1536-1276
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Start Page
1422
End Page
1437
Journal / Book Title
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Volume
21
Issue
3
Copyright Statement
© 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
Sponsor
Commission of the European Communities
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Identifier
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9515709
Grant Number
677854
EP/T023600/1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Technology
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Telecommunications
Engineering
Wireless communication
Downlink
Uplink
Fading channels
Convergence
Computational modeling
Training
Federated learning
noisy downlink
digital transmission
analog transmission
MASSIVE MIMO
COMMUNICATION
Networking & Telecommunications
0805 Distributed Computing
0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering
1005 Communications Technologies
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2021-08-17
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