Knowledge, attitudes, behavioral and organizational factors of health professions students for a competent smoking cessation practice: an instrument adaptation and psychometric validation study in Spanish and English samples
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background
To improve smoking cessation, training of health professions students is essential. However, no specific instrument is available to assess factors that may affect students' learning about smoking cessation practice.
Aim
To adapt and validate the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire in the population of undergraduate health professions students.
Design
Methodological research.
Methods
The researchers conducted this study with 511 Spanish and 186 English health professions students from four different universities. We used a four-step approach: 1) adaptation of the items to the target population and validation of the content by a panel of experts; 2) a pilot study to test face validity; 3) linguistic adaptation of the Spanish version to English; and 4) the psychometric assessment based on construct validity, criterion validity and internal consistency.
Results
Exploratory factor analysis revealed four subscales for the Spanish version, namely ‘Individual knowledge and skills’, ‘Individual attitudes and beliefs’, ‘Organizational support’ and ‘Organizational resources’, which accounted for 85.1% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis in the holdout Spanish and English samples revealed adequate goodness-of-fit values, supporting the factor structure. Hypotheses testing demonstrated significant differences by capacitation in smoking cessation interventions and degree courses, providing further evidence regarding construct validity. All the subscales correlated positively with the criterion variables (5 A’s smoking cessation model), except for the ‘Organizational resources’ subscale, which was not significantly correlated with the 5 A's. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was.83 for the Spanish version and.88 for the English one.
Conclusions
Our results provide empirical support for the use of the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire for Students as a reliable and valid instrument to assess knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and organization perceptions in health professions students, which is essential for competent smoking cessation practice. Interestingly, ‘Organizational resources’ subscale presented the lowest correlations among factors and did not correlate with any component of the 5 A's, suggesting the need of enhancing students' responsibility and involvement during their internships, as well as the interest of some organizations.
To improve smoking cessation, training of health professions students is essential. However, no specific instrument is available to assess factors that may affect students' learning about smoking cessation practice.
Aim
To adapt and validate the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire in the population of undergraduate health professions students.
Design
Methodological research.
Methods
The researchers conducted this study with 511 Spanish and 186 English health professions students from four different universities. We used a four-step approach: 1) adaptation of the items to the target population and validation of the content by a panel of experts; 2) a pilot study to test face validity; 3) linguistic adaptation of the Spanish version to English; and 4) the psychometric assessment based on construct validity, criterion validity and internal consistency.
Results
Exploratory factor analysis revealed four subscales for the Spanish version, namely ‘Individual knowledge and skills’, ‘Individual attitudes and beliefs’, ‘Organizational support’ and ‘Organizational resources’, which accounted for 85.1% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis in the holdout Spanish and English samples revealed adequate goodness-of-fit values, supporting the factor structure. Hypotheses testing demonstrated significant differences by capacitation in smoking cessation interventions and degree courses, providing further evidence regarding construct validity. All the subscales correlated positively with the criterion variables (5 A’s smoking cessation model), except for the ‘Organizational resources’ subscale, which was not significantly correlated with the 5 A's. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was.83 for the Spanish version and.88 for the English one.
Conclusions
Our results provide empirical support for the use of the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire for Students as a reliable and valid instrument to assess knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and organization perceptions in health professions students, which is essential for competent smoking cessation practice. Interestingly, ‘Organizational resources’ subscale presented the lowest correlations among factors and did not correlate with any component of the 5 A's, suggesting the need of enhancing students' responsibility and involvement during their internships, as well as the interest of some organizations.
Date Issued
2023-07-01
Date Acceptance
2023-04-16
Citation
Nurse Education in Practice, 2023, 70
ISSN
1471-5953
Publisher
Elsevier
Journal / Book Title
Nurse Education in Practice
Volume
70
Copyright Statement
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37121026
PII: S1471-5953(23)00109-9
Subjects
CONTENT VALIDITY
CRITERIA
FREQUENCY
Health care services
Health professions students
Instrument development
INTERVENTION
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
NURSES
Nursing
PROVISION
Quality of care
Science & Technology
Smoking cessation
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
Scotland
Article Number
103647
Date Publish Online
2023-04-26