Dual-functionality ionic liquid mix for extraction and esterification of fatty acids as a step towards increasing the efficiency of conversion of waste cooking oils to biodiesel
Author(s)
Grimes, SM
Kewcharoenwong, P
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The increasing value of pure vegetable oils has made the use of waste cooking oils an attractive alternative feedstock for biodiesel production but the presence of free fatty acids in the waste significantly reduces efficiency of the conversion.
RESULTS: A low-temperature mixed ionic liquid system with dual extraction and catalytic functions for the conversion of waste oils containing high levels of free fatty acids to biodiesel was successfully trialled. The solvent, a totally miscible system of HPyrBr and the Brønsted acid, SPyrHSO4, allows the key properties of each ionic liquid, as extractant or catalyst, to work uninhibited by the presence of the other. Extraction of free fatty acids from vegetable oils and their conversion to methyl esters in high yield is demonstrated for vegetable oils, containing single and mixed fatty acids, and for a model waste cooking oil. The oil separated from free fatty acids in the waste has a low acid value and can be converted efficiently to biodiesel; with the ionic liquid solvent recovered unchanged for reuse.
CONCLUSIONS: A mixed ionic liquid extraction-esterification solvent process has been developed to effect efficient conversion of free fatty acids in waste vegetable oils to biodiesel and their conversion to esters.
RESULTS: A low-temperature mixed ionic liquid system with dual extraction and catalytic functions for the conversion of waste oils containing high levels of free fatty acids to biodiesel was successfully trialled. The solvent, a totally miscible system of HPyrBr and the Brønsted acid, SPyrHSO4, allows the key properties of each ionic liquid, as extractant or catalyst, to work uninhibited by the presence of the other. Extraction of free fatty acids from vegetable oils and their conversion to methyl esters in high yield is demonstrated for vegetable oils, containing single and mixed fatty acids, and for a model waste cooking oil. The oil separated from free fatty acids in the waste has a low acid value and can be converted efficiently to biodiesel; with the ionic liquid solvent recovered unchanged for reuse.
CONCLUSIONS: A mixed ionic liquid extraction-esterification solvent process has been developed to effect efficient conversion of free fatty acids in waste vegetable oils to biodiesel and their conversion to esters.
Date Issued
2017-08-01
Date Acceptance
2017-01-17
Citation
Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 2017, 92 (8), pp.2098-2105
ISSN
0268-2575
Publisher
Wiley
Start Page
2098
End Page
2105
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology
Volume
92
Issue
8
Copyright Statement
© 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Identifier
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jctb.5207
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Physical Sciences
Technology
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Engineering, Environmental
Engineering, Chemical
Chemistry
Engineering
recovery
process development
environmental chemistry
catalysis
waste treatment and waste minimisation
biodiesel
TRANSESTERIFICATION
CATALYSTS
MEDIA
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Physical Sciences
Technology
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Engineering, Environmental
Engineering, Chemical
Chemistry
Engineering
recovery
process development
environmental chemistry
catalysis
waste treatment and waste minimisation
biodiesel
THIN-FILM COMPOSITE
WATER FLUX
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANES
TIO2 NANOPARTICLES
OSMOSIS MEMBRANES
POLYSULFONE
DESALINATION
PERFORMANCE
NANOCOMPOSITE
Biotechnology
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2017-01-20