Association of dietary patterns and food groups intake with multimorbidity: A prospective cohort study
File(s)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background
Although diet has been extensively studied in relation to individual chronic conditions, studies linking diet with multiple chronic conditions (multimorbidity) remained scarce. We aimed to undertake a comprehensive analysis evaluating associations of overall dietary patterns and specific food groups with long-term risk of multimorbidity.
Methods
The study included 348,290 participants from UK Biobank who completed eligible food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and were not diagnosed with any of the 38 chronic or mental health conditions of interest at baseline (2006–2010). Dietary patterns were identified using exploratory factor analysis. Cox regression models were used to estimate corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
The median follow-up was 8.01 years, and 50,837 (14.60%) participants developed multimorbidity. Among the three identified dietary patterns, the Western Pattern was associated with an increased risk of multimorbidity (HRQ5 vs Q1 = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.09), while inverse associations were observed for moderate adherence to the White Meat Pattern (HRQ3 vs Q1 = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94–0.99) and highest adherence to the Prudent Pattern (HRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.90–0.95). For specific food groups, more frequent intakes of processed meat and poultry were associated with higher risks of multimorbidity, whereas higher intake frequency of fish and more intakes of fruits and cereal were associated with decreased risks.
Conclusion
Dietary patterns and specific food groups are associated with the risk of multimorbidity. These findings suggest the importance of considering dietary interventions in the prevention and management of multimorbidity.
Although diet has been extensively studied in relation to individual chronic conditions, studies linking diet with multiple chronic conditions (multimorbidity) remained scarce. We aimed to undertake a comprehensive analysis evaluating associations of overall dietary patterns and specific food groups with long-term risk of multimorbidity.
Methods
The study included 348,290 participants from UK Biobank who completed eligible food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and were not diagnosed with any of the 38 chronic or mental health conditions of interest at baseline (2006–2010). Dietary patterns were identified using exploratory factor analysis. Cox regression models were used to estimate corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
The median follow-up was 8.01 years, and 50,837 (14.60%) participants developed multimorbidity. Among the three identified dietary patterns, the Western Pattern was associated with an increased risk of multimorbidity (HRQ5 vs Q1 = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.09), while inverse associations were observed for moderate adherence to the White Meat Pattern (HRQ3 vs Q1 = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94–0.99) and highest adherence to the Prudent Pattern (HRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.90–0.95). For specific food groups, more frequent intakes of processed meat and poultry were associated with higher risks of multimorbidity, whereas higher intake frequency of fish and more intakes of fruits and cereal were associated with decreased risks.
Conclusion
Dietary patterns and specific food groups are associated with the risk of multimorbidity. These findings suggest the importance of considering dietary interventions in the prevention and management of multimorbidity.
Date Issued
2022-10
Date Acceptance
2022-07-29
Citation
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 2022, 51, pp.359-366
ISSN
2405-4577
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Start Page
359
End Page
366
Journal / Book Title
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
Volume
51
Copyright Statement
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This manuscript is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Sponsor
Wellcome Trust
Identifier
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405457722004235?via%3Dihub
Grant Number
214185/Z/18/Z
Subjects
Chronic condition
Dietary pattern
Food group
Multimorbidity
Animals
Diet
Fruit
Meat
Multimorbidity
Prospective Studies
Animals
Fruit
Diet
Prospective Studies
Meat
Multimorbidity
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2022-08-07