In silico study of different thrombolytic agents for fibrinolysis in acute ischemic stroke
File(s)pharmaceutics-15-00797.pdf (6.99 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Yang, Yilin
Gu, Boram
Xu, Xiao
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Alteplase is the only FDA-approved drug for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Meanwhile, several thrombolytic drugs are deemed to be promising candidates to substitute alteplase. This paper evaluates the efficacy and safety of urokinase, ateplase, tenecteplase, and reteplase for intravenous AIS therapy by computational simulations of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics combined with a local fibrinolysis model. The performances of the drugs are evaluated by comparing clot lysis time, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) inhibition resistance, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) risk, and activation time from drug administration to clot lysis. Our results reveal that urokinase has the quickest lysis completion but the highest ICH risk due to excess fibrinogen depletion in systemic plasma. While tenecteplase and alteplase have very similar thrombolysis efficacy, tenecteplase has a lower risk of ICH and better resistance to PAI-1. Among the four simulated drugs, reteplase has the slowest fibrinolysis rate, but fibrinogen concentration in systemic plasma is unaffected during thrombolysis.
Date Issued
2023-02-28
Date Acceptance
2023-02-25
Citation
Pharmaceutics, 2023, 15 (3), pp.1-14
ISSN
1999-4923
Publisher
MDPI AG
Start Page
1
End Page
14
Journal / Book Title
Pharmaceutics
Volume
15
Issue
3
Copyright Statement
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
License URL
Identifier
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/3/797
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
797
Date Publish Online
2023-02-28