May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results worldwide
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Increased blood pressure is the biggest contributor to the global burden of disease and mortality. Data suggest that less than half of the population with hypertension is aware of it. May Measurement Month was initiated to raise awareness of the importance of blood pressure and as a pragmatic interim solution to the shortfall in screening programmes. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey included volunteer adults (≥18 years) who ideally had not had their blood pressures measured in the past year. Each participant had their blood pressure measured three times and received a a questionnaire about demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The primary objective was to raise awareness of blood pressure, measured by number of countries involved, number of people screened, and number of people who have untreated or inadequately treated hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or both, or on the basis of receiving antihypertensive medication). Multiple imputation was used to estimate the mean of the second and third blood pressure readings if these were not recorded. Measures of association were analysed using linear mixed models. FINDINGS: Data were collected from 1 201 570 individuals in 80 countries. After imputation, of the 1 128 635 individuals for whom a mean of the second and third readings was available, 393 924 (34·9%) individuals had hypertension. 153 905 (17·3%) of 888 616 individuals who were not receiving antihypertensive treatment were hypertensive, and 105 456 (46·3%) of the 227 721 individuals receiving treatment did not have controlled blood pressure. Significant differences in adjusted blood pressures and hypertension prevalence were apparent between regions. Adjusted blood pressure was higher in association with antihypertensive medication, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Blood pressure was higher when measured on the right arm than on the left arm, and blood pressure was highest on Saturdays. INTERPRETATION: Inexpensive global screening of blood pressure is achievable using volunteers and convenience sampling. Pending the set-up of systematic surveillance systems worldwide, MMM will be repeated annually to raise awareness of blood pressure. FUNDING: International Society of Hypertension, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Servier Pharmaceutical Co.
Date Issued
2018-07-01
Date Acceptance
2018-05-11
Citation
The Lancet Global Health, 2018, 6 (7), pp.e736-e743
ISSN
2214-109X
Publisher
Elsevier
Start Page
e736
End Page
e743
Journal / Book Title
The Lancet Global Health
Volume
6
Issue
7
Copyright Statement
© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC-BY 4.0
license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29778399
PII: S2214-109X(18)30259-6
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
HYPERTENSION
PREVALENCE
MANAGEMENT
AWARENESS
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Anniversaries and Special Events
Blood Pressure
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Global Health
Humans
Hypertension
Male
Mass Screening
Middle Aged
Young Adult
MMM Investigators
Humans
Hypertension
Mass Screening
Cross-Sectional Studies
Blood Pressure
Anniversaries and Special Events
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Middle Aged
Female
Male
Young Adult
Global Health
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
England
Date Publish Online
2018-05-16