Lithium ion battery degradation: what you need to know
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
The expansion of lithium-ion batteries from consumer electronics to larger-scale transport and energy storage applications has made understanding the many mechanisms responsible for battery degradation increasingly important. The literature in this complex topic has grown considerably; this perspective aims to distil current knowledge into a succinct form, as a reference and a guide to understanding battery degradation. Unlike other reviews, this work emphasises the coupling between the different mechanisms and the different physical and chemical approaches used to trigger, identify and monitor various mechanisms, as well as the various computational models that attempt to simulate these interactions. Degradation is separated into three levels: the actual mechanisms themselves, the observable consequences at cell level called modes and the operational effects such as capacity or power fade. Five principal and thirteen secondary mechanisms were found that are generally considered to be the cause of degradation during normal operation, which all give rise to five observable modes. A flowchart illustrates the different feedback loops that couple the various forms of degradation, whilst a table is presented to highlight the experimental conditions that are most likely to trigger specific degradation mechanisms. Together, they provide a powerful guide to designing experiments or models for investigating battery degradation.
Date Issued
2021-03-22
Date Acceptance
2021-03-22
Citation
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2021, 23 (14), pp.8200-8221
ISSN
1463-9076
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Start Page
8200
End Page
8221
Journal / Book Title
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
Volume
23
Issue
14
Copyright Statement
© the Owner Societies 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
License URL
Sponsor
The Faraday Institution
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000633048300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Grant Number
FIRG025
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Chemistry, Physical
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Chemistry
Physics
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2021-03-22