Fluid-solid phase transition of n-alkane mixtures: coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations and diffusion-ordered spectroscopy nuclear magnetic resonance
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Author(s)
Shahruddin, Sara
Jimenez-Serratos, Guadalupe
Britovsek, George
Matar, omar
Muller, Erich
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Wax appearance temperature (WAT), defined as the temperature at which the first solid paraffin crystal appears in a crude oil, is one of the key flow assurance indicators in the oil industry. Although there are several commonly-used experimental techniques to determine WAT, none provides unambiguous molecular-level information to characterize the phase transition between the homogeneous fluid and the underlying solid phase. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations employing the statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT) force field are used to interrogate the incipient solidification states of models for long-chain alkanes cooled from a melt to an arrested state. We monitor the phase change of pure long chain n-alkanes: tetracosane (C24H50) and triacontane (C30H62), and an 8-component surrogate n-alkane mixture (C12-C33) built upon the compositional information of a waxy crude. Comparison to Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (DOSY NMR) results allows the assessment of the limitations of the coarse-grained models proposed. We show that upon approach to freezing, the heavier components restrict their motion first while the lighter ones retain their mobility and help fluidize the mixture. We further demonstrate that upon sub-cooling of long n-alkane fluids and mixtures, a discontinuity arises in the slope of the self-diffusion coefficient with decreasing temperature, which can be employed as a marker for the appearance of an arrested state commensurate with conventional WAT measurements.
Date Issued
2019-01-30
Date Acceptance
2018-12-12
Citation
Scientific Reports, 2019, 9 (1), pp.1-9
ISSN
2045-2322
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Start Page
1
End Page
9
Journal / Book Title
Scientific Reports
Volume
9
Issue
1
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2019. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Cre-ative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not per-mitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Sponsor
Petronas Research Sdn. Bhd.
Identifier
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-37799-7
Grant Number
N/A
Subjects
Science & Technology
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Science & Technology - Other Topics
GAMMA FORCE-FIELD
WAX PRECIPITATION
GLASS-TRANSITION
TEMPERATURE
LIQUIDS
MODEL
LONG
DSC
HYDROCARBONS
MECHANISMS
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
1002
Date Publish Online
2019-01-30