Coffee and tea consumption and risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort study
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Introduction: Specific coffee subtypes and tea may impact risk of pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer differently.
We investigated the association between coffee (total, caffeinated, decaffeinated) and tea intake and risk of breast cancer.
Methods: A total of 335,060 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer
(EPIC) Study, completed a dietary questionnaire from 1992 to 2000, and were followed-up until 2010 for incidence of
breast cancer. Hazard ratios (HR) of breast cancer by country-specific, as well as cohort-wide categories of beverage intake
were estimated.
Results: During an average follow-up of 11 years, 1064 premenopausal, and 9134 postmenopausal breast cancers were
diagnosed. Caffeinated coffee intake was associated with lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer: adjusted HR = 0.90,
95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82 to 0.98, for high versus low consumption; Ptrend = 0.029. While there was no significant
effect modification by hormone receptor status (P = 0.711), linear trend for lower risk of breast cancer with increasing
caffeinated coffee intake was clearest for estrogen and progesterone receptor negative (ER-PR-), postmenopausal breast
cancer (P = 0.008). For every 100 ml increase in caffeinated coffee intake, the risk of ER-PR- breast cancer was lower by
4% (adjusted HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.00). Non-consumers of decaffeinated coffee had lower risk of postmenopausal
breast cancer (adjusted HR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.99) compared to low consumers, without evidence of dose–
response relationship (Ptrend = 0.128). Exclusive decaffeinated coffee consumption was not related to postmenopausal
breast cancer risk, compared to any decaffeinated-low caffeinated intake (adjusted HR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.82 to 1.14), or to
no intake of any coffee (HR: 0.96; 95%: 0.82 to 1.14). Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee were not associated with
premenopausal breast cancer. Tea intake was neither associated with pre- nor post-menopausal breast cancer.
Conclusions: Higher caffeinated coffee intake may be associated with lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer.
Decaffeinated coffee intake does not seem to be associated with breast cancer
We investigated the association between coffee (total, caffeinated, decaffeinated) and tea intake and risk of breast cancer.
Methods: A total of 335,060 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer
(EPIC) Study, completed a dietary questionnaire from 1992 to 2000, and were followed-up until 2010 for incidence of
breast cancer. Hazard ratios (HR) of breast cancer by country-specific, as well as cohort-wide categories of beverage intake
were estimated.
Results: During an average follow-up of 11 years, 1064 premenopausal, and 9134 postmenopausal breast cancers were
diagnosed. Caffeinated coffee intake was associated with lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer: adjusted HR = 0.90,
95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82 to 0.98, for high versus low consumption; Ptrend = 0.029. While there was no significant
effect modification by hormone receptor status (P = 0.711), linear trend for lower risk of breast cancer with increasing
caffeinated coffee intake was clearest for estrogen and progesterone receptor negative (ER-PR-), postmenopausal breast
cancer (P = 0.008). For every 100 ml increase in caffeinated coffee intake, the risk of ER-PR- breast cancer was lower by
4% (adjusted HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.00). Non-consumers of decaffeinated coffee had lower risk of postmenopausal
breast cancer (adjusted HR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.99) compared to low consumers, without evidence of dose–
response relationship (Ptrend = 0.128). Exclusive decaffeinated coffee consumption was not related to postmenopausal
breast cancer risk, compared to any decaffeinated-low caffeinated intake (adjusted HR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.82 to 1.14), or to
no intake of any coffee (HR: 0.96; 95%: 0.82 to 1.14). Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee were not associated with
premenopausal breast cancer. Tea intake was neither associated with pre- nor post-menopausal breast cancer.
Conclusions: Higher caffeinated coffee intake may be associated with lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer.
Decaffeinated coffee intake does not seem to be associated with breast cancer
Date Issued
2015-01-31
Date Acceptance
2015-01-20
Citation
Breast Cancer Research, 2015, 17
ISSN
1465-542X
Publisher
BioMed Central
Journal / Book Title
Breast Cancer Research
Volume
17
Copyright Statement
© 2015 Bhoo-Pathy et al.; licensee BioMed Central. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain
Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article,
unless otherwise stated.
Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain
Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article,
unless otherwise stated.
License URL
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Oncology
SEX-HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS
CAFFEINE CONSUMPTION
DECAFFEINATED COFFEE
WOMEN
PREMENOPAUSAL
METAANALYSIS
CALIBRATION
POPULATION
VALIDITY
HEALTH
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
15