Optimal control of thin liquid films and transverse mode effects
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Published version
Author(s)
Tomlin, Ruben
Gomes, Susana N
Pavliotis, Grigorios
Papageorgiou, Demetrios
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
We consider the control of a three-dimensional thin liquid film on a flat substrate, inclined at a nonzero angle to the horizontal. Controls are applied via same-fluid blowing and suction through the substrate surface. The film may be either overlying or hanging, where the liquid lies above or below the substrate, respectively. We study the weakly nonlinear evolution of the fluid interface, which is governed by a forced Kuramoto--Sivashinsky equation in two space dimensions. The uncontrolled problem exhibits three ranges of dynamics depending on the incline of the substrate: stable flat film solution, bounded chaotic dynamics, or unbounded exponential growth of unstable transverse modes. We proceed with the assumption that we may actuate at every location on the substrate. The main focus is the optimal control problem, which we first study in the special case that the forcing may only vary in the spanwise direction. The structure of the Kuramoto--Sivashinsky equation allows the explicit construction of optimal controls in this case using the classical theory of linear quadratic regulators. Such controls are employed to prevent the exponential growth of transverse waves in the case of a hanging film, revealing complex dynamics for the streamwise and mixed modes. Next, we consider the optimal control problem in full generality and prove the existence of an optimal control. For numerical simulations, an iterative gradient descent algorithm is employed. Finally, we consider the effects of transverse mode forcing on the chaotic dynamics present in the streamwise and mixed modes for the case of a vertical film flow. Coupling through nonlinearity allows us to reduce the average energy in solutions without directly forcing the dominant linearly unstable modes.
Date Issued
2019-01-01
Date Acceptance
2018-10-29
Citation
SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems, 2019, 18 (1), pp.117-149
ISSN
1536-0040
Publisher
Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Start Page
117
End Page
149
Journal / Book Title
SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
Volume
18
Issue
1
Copyright Statement
©2019 SIAM. Published by SIAM under the terms of the Creative Commons 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Sponsor
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Grant Number
EP/L020564/1
EP/L024926/1
EP/P031587/1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Mathematics, Applied
Physics, Mathematical
Mathematics
Physics
thin films
Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation
optimal control
KURAMOTO-SIVASHINSKY EQUATION
HEAT-TRANSFER
SOLITARY WAVES
LONG WAVES
3-DIMENSIONAL INSTABILITIES
DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES
NONLINEAR STABILITY
FLOW
EVOLUTION
ANALYTICITY
Fluids & Plasmas
0102 Applied Mathematics
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2019-01-17