Sequence variation of Epstein-Barr virus: viral types, geography, codon usage and diseases
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
138 new Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome sequences have been determined. 125 of these and 116 from previous reports were combined to produce a multiple sequence alignment of 241 EBV genomes, which we have used to analyze variation within the viral genome. The type 1/type2 classification of EBV remains the major form of variation and is defined mostly by EBNA2 and EBNA3, but the type 2 SNPs at the EBNA3 locus extend into the adjacent gp350 and gp42 genes, whose products mediate infection of B cells by EBV. A small insertion within the BART miRNA region of the genome was present in 21 EBV strains. EBV from saliva of USA patients with chronic active EBV infection aligned with the wild type EBV genome, with no evidence of WZhet rearrangements. The V3 polymorphism in the Zp promoter for BZLF1 was found to be frequent in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases both from Hong Kong and Indonesia. Codon usage was found to differ between latent and lytic cycle EBV genes and the main forms of variation of the EBNA1 protein have been identified.IMPORTANCE Epstein-Barr virus causes most cases of infectious mononucleosis and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. It contributes to several types of cancer including Hodgkin's lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gastric carcinoma. EBV genome variation is important because some of the diseases associated with EBV have very different incidences in different populations and geographic regions - differences in the EBV genome might contribute to these diseases. Some specific EBV genome alterations that appear to be significant in EBV associated cancers are already known and current efforts to make an EBV vaccine and antiviral drugs should also take account of sequence differences in the proteins used as targets.
Date Issued
2018-11-01
Date Acceptance
2018-08-10
Citation
Journal of Virology, 2018, 92 (22)
ISSN
1098-5514
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Virology
Volume
92
Issue
22
Copyright Statement
© 2018 Correia et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Sponsor
King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KA
Research Councils UK
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30111570
PII: JVI.01132-18
Grant Number
N/A
MR/N010388/1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Virology
Epstein-Barr virus
INFECTS T-CELLS
DISCRETE ALTERATIONS
BZLF1 PROMOTER
EXPRESSION
TUMOR
STRAINS
PROTEIN
DNA
ALIGNMENT
LATENCY
06 Biological Sciences
07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences
11 Medical And Health Sciences
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
United States
Article Number
e01132
Date Publish Online
2018-08-15