Late surgical repair of a traumatic ventricular septal defect
File(s)
Author(s)
Harling, L
Ashrafian, H
Casula, RP
Athanasiou, T
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) complicates approximately 1-5% of patients presenting with penetrating chest trauma, however not all VSDs are evident at the time of initial presentation to the emergency department. Acute closure of traumatic VSDs is indicated in patients with a large defect and haemodynamic compromise, however closure may be delayed in smaller defects in order to minimise operative time, reduce operative mortality and allow for recovery from the initial trauma. We describe the case of a previously healthy 23 year-old Caucasian man who presented in extremis following stab wounds to the precordium. After emergency cardiopulmonary bypass and closure of lacerations to both the left and right ventricles, postoperative trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) noted a restrictive intramuscular VSD with a high velocity left to right shunt, initially managed conservatively. Elective surgical closure was performed 10 months after the initial injury through a right ventriculotomy using 4–0 Proline sutures reinforced with Teflon pledgets. Despite excellent clinical recovery, 3-month follow-up TTE noted a residual VSD in the mid apical septum. However, given the presence of minimal left to right shunt and the small size of the defect, the patient was managed conservatively with annual review and repeat transthoracic echo. This case highlights the potential pitfalls in both the diagnosis and management of traumatic VSDs particularly where the patient presents in extremis with other life-threatening injuries. Furthermore, it exemplifies the importance of a multidisciplinary approach when planning any elective intervention. Regardless of the management strategy, repeated re-assessment and re-evaluation is vital following penetrating cardiac trauma, and vigilant long-term follow-up is of paramount importance in these cases.
Date Issued
2014-09-20
Date Acceptance
2014-08-11
Citation
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 2014, 9
ISSN
1749-8090
Publisher
BioMed Central
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Volume
9
Copyright Statement
© Harling et al. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.
License URL
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
Ventricular septal defect
Trauma
Shunt
Surgery
CLOSURE
Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Heart Ventricles
Humans
Male
Suture Techniques
Wounds, Stab
Young Adult
Respiratory System
1103 Clinical Sciences
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
145