Taking Tiger Worm Toilets to scale: opportunities and challenges
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Tiger Worm Toilets (TWTs) are a relatively recent innovation in sanitation technology, with the potential to offer affordable and safely managed on-site sanitation for underserved communities in line with Sustainable Development Goal 6. This article, authored by members of the International Worm-Based Sanitation Association (IWBSA), presents the state-of-the-art in TWT construction and operation based on frontier global experiences to-date, stemming from both knowledge from literature and the practical knowledge imparted by the authors, who were involved in the birth of this technology and are still active in the research and deployment of it today. The focus of this paper is on the implementation of TWTs to solve sanitation challenges in least-developed and lower-middle income countries specifically. The design of TWTs can be adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions including high water tables and rocky ground conditions, and in both rural and urban contexts. The challenge for TWTs therefore lies primarily in creating opportunities for scaling the uptake of this promising technology. Our article discusses the key barriers to this, identified to be broadly categorised as user preference, capacity and capability building, and governmental support–and proposes how to overcome these.
Date Issued
2023-10-31
Date Acceptance
2023-10-31
Citation
Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2023, 11
ISSN
2296-665X
Publisher
Frontiers Media S.A.
Journal / Book Title
Frontiers in Environmental Science
Volume
11
Copyright Statement
Copyright © 2023 Sioné, Gibson, Beckett, Oak, Sathre, Furlong, Bastable, Batarda and Templeton. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
License URL
Identifier
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1278087/full
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
1278087
Date Publish Online
2023-10-31