Chondritic meteorites are fragments of asteroids, the building blocks of planets, that retain a record of primordial
processes. Important in their early evolution was impact-driven lithification, where a porous mixture of millimetre-
scale chondrule inclusions and sub-micrometre dust was compacted into rock. In this Article, the shock compression of
analogue precursor chondrite material was probed using state of the art dynamic X-ray radiography. Spatially-resolved
shock and particle velocities, and shock front thicknesses were extracted directly from the radiographs, representing
a greatly enhanced scope of data than could be measured in surface-based studies. A statistical interpretation of the
measured velocities showed that mean values were in good agreement with those predicted using continuum-level
modelling and mixture theory. However, the distribution and evolution of wave velocities and wavefront thicknesses
were observed to be intimately linked to the mesoscopic structure of the sample. This Article provides the first detailed
experimental insight into the distribution of extreme states within a shocked powder mixture, and represents the first
mesoscopic validation of leading theories concerning the variation in extreme pressure-temperature states during the
formation of primordial planetary bodies.