Ammonia detection: a pathway towards potential point-of-care diagnostics
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Invasive methods such as blood collection and biopsy are commonly used for testing liver and kidney function, which are painful, time-consuming, require trained personnel, and may not be easily accessible to people for their routine checkup. Early diagnosis of liver and kidney diseases can prevent severe symptoms and ensure better management of these patients. Emerging approaches such as breath and sweat analysis have shown potential as non-invasive methods for disease diagnosis. Among the many markers, ammonia is often used as a biomarker for the monitoring of liver and kidney functions. In this review we provide an insight into the production and expulsion of ammonia gas in the human body, the different diseases that could potentially use ammonia as biomarker and analytical devices such as chemiresistive gas sensors for non-invasive monitoring of this gas. The review also provides an understanding into the different materials, doping agents and substrates used to develop such multifunctional sensors. Finally, the current challenges and the possible future trends have been discussed.
Date Issued
2024-05-01
Date Acceptance
2024-02-01
Citation
Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2024, 251
ISSN
0956-5663
Publisher
Elsevier
Journal / Book Title
Biosensors and Bioelectronics
Volume
251
Copyright Statement
© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
License URL
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38364327
Subjects
Ammonia
Biomarkers
Biosensing Techniques
Humans
Point-of-Care Testing
Ammonia gas detection
Breath analysis
Chemiresistive gas sensors
Noninvasive diagnostics
Point-of-care diagnostics
Wearable sensors
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
England
Article Number
116100
Date Publish Online
2024-02-02