Investigation of ammonium- and phosphonium-based deep eutectic solvents as electrolytes for a non-aqueous all-vanadium redox cell
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Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
The charge/discharge characteristics for vanadium acetylacetonate in deep eutectic solvents were evaluated using an H-cell with an anion-exchange membrane separator for the first time. Coulombic (CE) and energy efficiencies (EE) of the electrolyte containing V(acac)3/0.5 M TEABF4 in DES3 (a hydrogen bonded eutectic between choline chloride and ethylene glycol) were obtained as 49–52% and 25–31%, respectively, when charging from 0 to 50% of theoretical maximum state-of-charge for 12 cycles. The low CE may be due to the crossover of the active species through the separator, or to the loss of active vanadium due to a parasitic reaction. However, the CE was similar to that for acetonitrile (CH3CN) indicating the promise of DESs as suitable electrolytes for future evaluation. Charge and discharge voltages are respectively higher and lower than the formal cell potential obtained by voltammetry. Ohmic drop in the DES results from the low conductivity of the electrolyte and the relatively large distance between the two electrodes in the H-cell. Further studies require investigation in a flow cell with analyses of polarization curves and impedance to determine the loss mechanisms in sufficient detail.
Date Issued
2016-01-20
Date Acceptance
2016-01-07
Citation
Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2016, 163 (5), pp.A632-A638
ISSN
0013-4651
Publisher
Electrochemical Society
Start Page
A632
End Page
A638
Journal / Book Title
Journal of the Electrochemical Society
Volume
163
Issue
5
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2016. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
License URL
Sponsor
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (E
Grant Number
EP/L014289/1
EP/L019469/1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Technology
Electrochemistry
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Materials Science
IONIC LIQUIDS
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
ENERGY-STORAGE
FLOW BATTERY
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES
CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY
MOLTEN-SALTS
ACETYLACETONATE
FERROCENE
Energy
0303 Macromolecular And Materials Chemistry
0306 Physical Chemistry (Incl. Structural)
0912 Materials Engineering
Publication Status
Published