FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Eucalyptus oil and other cyclic ether-containing flavoring ingredients
File(s)1-s2.0-S0278691521003902-main.pdf (5.02 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
In 2015, the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) initiated a program for the re-evaluation of the safety of over 250 natural flavor complexes (NFCs) used as flavor ingredients. This publication, the sixth in the series, will summarize the re-evaluation of eight NFCs whose constituent profiles are characterized by significant amounts of eucalyptol and/or other cyclic ethers. This re-evaluation was based on a procedure first published in 2005 and subsequently updated in 2018 that evaluates the safety of naturally occurring mixtures for their intended use as flavoring ingredients. The procedure relies on a complete chemical characterization of the NFC intended for commerce and the organization of its chemical constituents into well-defined congeneric groups. The safety of the NFC is evaluated using the well-established and conservative threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) concept in addition to data on absorption, metabolism and toxicology of the constituents of the congeneric groups and the NFC under evaluation. Eight NFCs derived from the Eucalyptus, Melaleuca, Origanum, Laurus, Rosmarinus and Salvia genera were affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) under their conditions of intended use as flavor ingredients based on an evaluation of each NFC and the constituents and congeneric groups therein.
Date Issued
2021-07-01
Date Acceptance
2021-06-20
Citation
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2021, 155
ISSN
0278-6915
Publisher
Elsevier
Journal / Book Title
Food and Chemical Toxicology
Volume
155
Copyright Statement
© 2021 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND licence.
License URL
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34217737
PII: S0278-6915(21)00390-2
Subjects
Cyclic ethers
Essential oils
Eucalyptol
GRAS
Natural flavor complexes
Safety evaluation
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
England
Article Number
ARTN 112357
Date Publish Online
2021-07-01