CMOS potentiometric FET array platform using sensor learning for multi-ion imaging.
File(s)acs.analchem.9b05836.pdf (7.22 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
This work describes an array of 1024 Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistors (ISFETs) using sensor learning techniques to perform multi-ion imaging for concurrent detection of potassium, sodium, calcium and hydrogen. Analyte specific ionophore membranes are deposited on the surface of the ISFET array chip, yielding pixels with quasi-Nernstian sensitivity to K+, Na+ or Ca2+. Uncoated pixels display pH sensitivity from the standard Si3N4 passivation layer. The platform is then trained by inducing a change in single ion concentration and measuring the responses of all pixels. Sensor learning relies on k-means clustering and DBSCAN to yield membrane mapping and sensitivity of each pixel to target electrolytes. We demonstrate multi-ion imaging with an average error of 3.7 % (K+), 4.6 % (Na+), and 1.8 % (pH) for each ion respectively, while Ca2+ incurs a larger error 24.2 % and hence is included to demonstrate versatility. We validate the platform with a brain dialysate fluid sample and demonstrate reading by comparing with a gold-standard spectrometry technique.
Date Issued
2020-04-07
Date Acceptance
2020-03-06
Citation
Analytical Chemistry, 2020, 92 (7), pp.5276-5285
ISSN
0003-2700
Publisher
American Chemical Society
Start Page
5276
End Page
5285
Journal / Book Title
Analytical Chemistry
Volume
92
Issue
7
Copyright Statement
© 2020 American Chemical Society. This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)
License (http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_ccby_termsofuse.html), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium,
provided the author and source are cited.
License (http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_ccby_termsofuse.html), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium,
provided the author and source are cited.
Sponsor
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32142259
Grant Number
EP/K503381/1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Chemistry, Analytical
Chemistry
CORTICAL SPREADING DEPRESSION
CMOS
POTASSIUM
CHARGE
SODIUM
DEPOLARIZATION
DISORDERS
SYSTEM
0301 Analytical Chemistry
0399 Other Chemical Sciences
Analytical Chemistry
Publication Status
Published online
Coverage Spatial
United States
Date Publish Online
2020-03-06