Structural mechanism of helicase loading onto replication origin DNA by ORC-Cdc6
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Published version
Supporting information
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
DNA replication origins serve as sites of replicative helicase loading. In all eukaryotes, the six-subunit origin recognition complex (Orc1-6; ORC) recognizes the replication origin. During late M-phase of the cell-cycle, Cdc6 binds to ORC and the ORC–Cdc6 complex loads in a multistep reaction and, with the help of Cdt1, the core Mcm2-7 helicase onto DNA. A key intermediate is the ORC–Cdc6–Cdt1–Mcm2-7 (OCCM) complex in which DNA has been already inserted into the central channel of Mcm2-7. Until now, it has been unclear how the origin DNA is guided by ORC–Cdc6 and inserted into the Mcm2-7 hexamer. Here, we truncated the C-terminal winged-helix-domain (WHD) of Mcm6 to slow down the loading reaction, thereby capturing two loading intermediates prior to DNA insertion in budding yeast. In “semi-attached OCCM,” the Mcm3 and Mcm7 WHDs latch onto ORC–Cdc6 while the main body of the Mcm2-7 hexamer is not connected. In “pre-insertion OCCM,” the main body of Mcm2-7 docks onto ORC–Cdc6, and the origin DNA is bent and positioned adjacent to the open DNA entry gate, poised for insertion, at the Mcm2–Mcm5 interface. We used molecular simulations to reveal the dynamic transition from preloading conformers to the loaded conformers in which the loading of Mcm2-7 on DNA is complete and the DNA entry gate is fully closed. Our work provides multiple molecular insights into a key event of eukaryotic DNA replication.
Date Issued
2020-07-28
Date Acceptance
2020-06-12
Citation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, 2020, 117 (30), pp.17747-17756
ISSN
0027-8424
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Start Page
17747
End Page
17756
Journal / Book Title
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA
Volume
117
Issue
30
Copyright Statement
© 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).
License URL
Sponsor
Wellcome Trust
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Grant Number
107903/Z/15/Z
BB/N000323/1
BB/S001387/1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Science & Technology - Other Topics
DNA replication
cryo-EM
Mcm2-7 helicase
ATPase
origin recognition complex
MCM2-7 DOUBLE-HEXAMER
CRYO-EM STRUCTURE
RECOGNITION COMPLEX
ATP-HYDROLYSIS
DYNAMICS
BINDING
PROTEIN
CDC6
ORC
INITIATION
ATPase
DNA replication
Mcm2-7 helicase
cryo-EM
origin recognition complex
Binding Sites
Cell Cycle Proteins
Cryoelectron Microscopy
DNA Helicases
DNA Replication
Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 6
Molecular Docking Simulation
Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Origin Recognition Complex
Protein Binding
Protein Conformation
Replication Origin
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
Structure-Activity Relationship
DNA Helicases
Cell Cycle Proteins
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
Cryoelectron Microscopy
DNA Replication
Binding Sites
Protein Conformation
Protein Binding
Structure-Activity Relationship
Replication Origin
Origin Recognition Complex
Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Molecular Docking Simulation
Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 6
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2020-07-15