A Qualitative Report on the Subjective Experience of Intravenous Psilocybin Administered in an fMRI Environment.
File(s)Turton S, Psilocybin Phenomenology.docx (141.81 KB)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Turton, SP
Nutt, DJ
Carhart-Harris, RL
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background: This report documents the phenomenology of the subjective experiences of 15 healthy psychedelic experienced volunteers who were involved in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study that was designed to image the brain effects of intravenous psilocybin.
Methods: The participants underwent a semi-structured interview exploring the effects of psilocybin in the MRI scanner. These interviews were analysed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The resultant data is ordered in a detailed matrix, and presented in this paper.
Results: Nine broad categories of phenomenology were identified in the phenomenological analysis of the experience; perceptual changes including visual, auditory and somatosensory distortions, cognitive changes, changes in mood, effects of memory, spiritual or mystical type experiences, aspects relating to the scanner and research environment, comparisons with other experiences, the intensity and onset of effects, and individual interpretation of the experience.
Discussion: This article documents the phenomenology of psilocybin when given in a novel manner (intravenous injection) and setting (an MRI scanner). The findings of the analysis are consistent with previous published work regarding the subjective effects of psilocybin. There is much scope for further research investigating the phenomena identified in this paper.
Methods: The participants underwent a semi-structured interview exploring the effects of psilocybin in the MRI scanner. These interviews were analysed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The resultant data is ordered in a detailed matrix, and presented in this paper.
Results: Nine broad categories of phenomenology were identified in the phenomenological analysis of the experience; perceptual changes including visual, auditory and somatosensory distortions, cognitive changes, changes in mood, effects of memory, spiritual or mystical type experiences, aspects relating to the scanner and research environment, comparisons with other experiences, the intensity and onset of effects, and individual interpretation of the experience.
Discussion: This article documents the phenomenology of psilocybin when given in a novel manner (intravenous injection) and setting (an MRI scanner). The findings of the analysis are consistent with previous published work regarding the subjective effects of psilocybin. There is much scope for further research investigating the phenomena identified in this paper.
Date Issued
2014-01
Date Acceptance
2014-01-01
Citation
Current Drug Abuse Reviews, 2014, 7 (2), pp.117-127
ISSN
1874-4737
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers
Start Page
117
End Page
127
Journal / Book Title
Current Drug Abuse Reviews
Volume
7
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
© 2014 Bentham Science Publishers. The published manuscript is available at EurekaSelect via 10.2174/1874473708666150107120930
Identifier
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563444
Subjects
Interpretative phenomenological analysis
Hallucinogens
Magnetic resonance imaging
Phenomenology
Psychedelics
Psilocybin
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
United Arab Emirates
Date Publish Online
2014-01-01